ArticleBirth defects research. Part B, Developmental and reproductive toxicology2014
The effect of atrazine administered by gavage or in diet on the LH surge and reproductive performance in intact female Sprague-Dawley and Long Evans rats.
Article in Birth defects research. Part B, Developmental and reproductive toxicology, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
12 citing papers in PubMed, 29 citations in OpenAlex.
- Adverse Effects of Pesticides on the Ovary: Evidence from Epidemiological and Toxicological Studies.Environment & health (Washington, D.C.) · 2025Review
- Herbicide-related health risks: key mechanisms and a guide to mitigation strategies.Journal of occupational medicine and toxicology (London, England) · 2025Review
- Changes in Sensitivity to the Effects of Atrazine on the Luteinizing Hormone Surge in Female Sprague-Dawley Rats after Repeated Daily Doses: Correlation with Liver Enzyme Expression.Birth defects research · 2018Article
- Embryonic exposure to the widely-used herbicide atrazine disrupts meiosis and normal follicle formation in female mice.Scientific reports · 2017Article
- PBPK Model for Atrazine and Its Chlorotriazine Metabolites in Rat and Human.Toxicological sciences : an official journal of the Society of Toxicology · 2016Article
- PBPK-Based Probabilistic Risk Assessment for Total Chlorotriazines in Drinking Water.Toxicological sciences : an official journal of the Society of Toxicology · 2016Article
- An embryonic atrazine exposure results in reproductive dysfunction in adult zebrafish and morphological alterations in their offspring.Scientific reports · 2016Article
- Atrazine Exposure and Reproductive Dysfunction through the Hypothalamus-Pituitary-Gonadal (HPG) Axis.Toxics · 2015Article
- Effect of Age, Duration of Exposure, and Dose of Atrazine on Sexual Maturation and the Luteinizing Hormone Surge in the Female Sprague-Dawley Rat.Birth defects research. Part B, Developmental and reproductive toxicology · 2015Article
- Effects of Atrazine on the Development of Neural System of Zebrafish, Danio rerio.BioMed research international · 2015Article
- Multigeneration reproduction and male developmental toxicity studies on atrazine in rats.Birth defects research. Part B, Developmental and reproductive toxicology · 2014Article
- Developmental toxicity studies with atrazine and its major metabolites in rats and rabbits.Birth defects research. Part B, Developmental and reproductive toxicology · 2014Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 5 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Atrazine (ATR) blunts the hormone-induced luteinizing hormone (LH) surge, when administered by gavage (50-100 mg/kg/day for 4 days), in ovariectomized rats. In this study, we determined if comparable doses delivered either by gavage (bolus dose) or distributed in diet would reduce the LH surge and subsequently affect fertility in the intact female rat. ATR was administered daily to intact female Sprague-Dawley (SD) or Long Evans (LE) rats by gavage (0, 0.75 1.5, 3, 6, 10, 12, 50, or 100 mg/kg/day) or diet (0, 30, 100, 160, 500, 660, or 1460 ppm) during one complete 4-day estrous cycle, starting on day of estrus. Estrous status, corpora lutea, ova, and LH plasma concentrations were evaluated. A second cohort of animals was mated on the fourth treatment day. Fertility metrics were assessed on gestational day 20. A higher portion of LE rats had asynchronous estrous cycles when compared to SD rats both during pretreatment and in response to ATR (≥50 mg/kg). In contrast, bolus doses of ATR (≥50 mg/kg) inhibited the peak and area under the curve for the preovulatory LH surge in SD but not LE animals. Likewise, only bolus-treated SD, not LE, rats displayed reduced mean number of corpora lutea and ova. There were no effects of ATR administered by gavage on mating, gravid number, or fetus number. Dietary administration had no effect on any reproductive parameter measured. These findings indicate that short duration, high-bolus doses of ATR can inhibit the LH surge and reduce the number of follicles ovulated; however, dietary administration has no effect on any endocrine or reproductive outcomes.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.