ArticlePLoS neglected tropical diseases2014
Hemoglobin uptake by Paracoccidioides spp. is receptor-mediated.
Article in PLoS neglected tropical diseases, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 32 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
32 citing papers in PubMed, 64 citations in OpenAlex.
- The transcriptional regulatorCurrent research in microbial sciences · 2025Article
- Analysis and Interpretation of Automated Blood Count in the Treatment of Chronic Paracoccidioidomycosis.Journal of fungi (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Heme sensing and trafficking in fungi.Fungal biology reviews · 2023Article
- Article
- Article
- Verticillium dahliae CFEM proteins manipulate host immunity and differentially contribute to virulence.BMC biology · 2022Article
- Iron Deprivation Modulates the Exoproteome inFrontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2022Article
- Updates inJournal of fungi (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Review
- An efficient Agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated transformation method for Simplicillium subtropicum (Hypocreales: Cordycipitaceae).Genetics and molecular biology · 2021Article
- Interacting with Hemoglobin:Journal of fungi (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Article
- The "Little Iron Waltz": The Ternary Response ofJournal of fungi (Basel, Switzerland) · 2020Review
- Article
- The Trojan Horse Model inFrontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2020Review
- Molecular characterization of siderophore biosynthesis inIMA fungus · 2020Article
- Propionate metabolism in a human pathogenic fungus: proteomic and biochemical analyses.IMA fungus · 2020Article
- Immunoproteomic Approach of Extracellular Antigens FromFrontiers in microbiology · 2019Article
- Amyloid β perturbs elevated heme flux induced with neuronal development.Alzheimer's & dementia (New York, N. Y.) · 2019Article
- Article
- Fungi that Infect Humans.Microbiology spectrum · 2017Review
- Heme Assimilation inThe Journal of biological chemistry · 2017Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
12 authors at 5 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Iron is essential for the proliferation of fungal pathogens during infection. The availability of iron is limited due to its association with host proteins. Fungal pathogens have evolved different mechanisms to acquire iron from host; however, little is known regarding how Paracoccidioides species incorporate and metabolize this ion. In this work, host iron sources that are used by Paracoccidioides spp. were investigated. Robust fungal growth in the presence of the iron-containing molecules hemin and hemoglobin was observed. Paracoccidioides spp. present hemolytic activity and have the ability to internalize a protoporphyrin ring. Using real-time PCR and nanoUPLC-MSE proteomic approaches, fungal growth in the presence of hemoglobin was shown to result in the positive regulation of transcripts that encode putative hemoglobin receptors, in addition to the induction of proteins that are required for amino acid metabolism and vacuolar protein degradation. In fact, one hemoglobin receptor ortholog, Rbt5, was identified as a surface GPI-anchored protein that recognized hemin, protoporphyrin and hemoglobin in vitro. Antisense RNA technology and Agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated transformation were used to generate mitotically stable Pbrbt5 mutants. The knockdown strain had a lower survival inside macrophages and in mouse spleen when compared with the parental strain, which suggested that Rbt5 could act as a virulence factor. In summary, our data indicate that Paracoccidioides spp. can use hemoglobin as an iron source most likely through receptor-mediated pathways that might be relevant for pathogenic mechanisms.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.