ArticleThe Journal of experimental biology2014
Elevated carboxyhemoglobin in a marine mammal, the northern elephant seal.
Article in The Journal of experimental biology, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 19 papers.
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Who cites it
19 citing papers in PubMed, 36 citations in OpenAlex.
- Carboxyhemoglobin and depletion of blood oxygen in sleeping elephant seals.Journal of comparative physiology. B, Biochemical, systemic, and environmental physiology · 2026Article
- A Metal-Free Carbon Monoxide Prodrug Suppresses Metastasis of Pancreatic and Breast Cancer.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026Article
- Impact of acute and chronic hypoxia on the heme oxygenase/carbon monoxide pathway in naked mole-rats (Heterocephalus glaber).The Journal of experimental biology · 2025Article
- Carbon Monoxide as a Potential Therapeutic Agent: A Molecular Analysis of Its Safety Profiles.Journal of medicinal chemistry · 2024Review
- Iron mobilization during lactation reduces oxygen stores in a diving mammal.Nature communications · 2022Article
- Time Domains of Hypoxia Responses and -Omics Insights.Frontiers in physiology · 2022Review
- Shining new light on sensory brain activation and physiological measurement in seals using wearable optical technology.Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences · 2021Article
- An integrated comparative physiology and molecular approach pinpoints mediators of breath-hold capacity in dolphins.Evolution, medicine, and public health · 2021Article
- Ontogeny of Carbon Monoxide-Related Gene Expression in a Deep-Diving Marine Mammal.Frontiers in physiology · 2021Article
- Article
- Adaptive Potential of the Heme Oxygenase/Carbon Monoxide Pathway During Hypoxia.Frontiers in physiology · 2020Article
- Low guanylyl cyclase activity in Weddell seals: implications for peripheral vasoconstriction and perfusion of the brain during diving.American journal of physiology. Regulatory, integrative and comparative physiology · 2019Article
- Shining new light on mammalian diving physiology using wearable near-infrared spectroscopy.PLoS biology · 2019Article
- Time Domains of Hypoxia Adaptation-Elephant Seals Stand Out Among Divers.Frontiers in physiology · 2019Article
- Natural Tolerance to Ischemia and Hypoxemia in Diving Mammals: A Review.Frontiers in physiology · 2019Review
- Physiological constraints and energetic costs of diving behaviour in marine mammals: a review of studies using trained Steller sea lions diving in the open ocean.Journal of comparative physiology. B, Biochemical, systemic, and environmental physiology · 2017Review
- Proteomic Analysis of Non-depleted Serum Proteins from Bottlenose Dolphins Uncovers a High Vanin-1 Phenotype.Scientific reports · 2016Article
- Transcriptome analysis of northern elephant seal (Mirounga angustirostris) muscle tissue provides a novel molecular resource and physiological insights.BMC genomics · 2015Article
- Article
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Authors and funding
3 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Low concentrations of endogenous carbon monoxide (CO), generated primarily through degradation of heme from heme-proteins, have been shown to maintain physiological function of organs and to exert cytoprotective effects. However, high concentrations of carboxyhemoglobin (COHb), formed by CO binding to hemoglobin, potentially prevent adequate O2 delivery to tissues by lowering arterial O2 content. Elevated heme-protein concentrations, as found in marine mammals, are likely associated with greater heme degradation, more endogenous CO production and, consequently, elevated COHb concentrations. Therefore, we measured COHb in elephant seals, a species with large blood volumes and elevated hemoglobin and myoglobin concentrations. The levels of COHb were positively related to the total hemoglobin concentration. The maximum COHb value was 10.4% of total hemoglobin concentration. The mean (± s.e.m.) value in adult seals was 8.7 ± 0.3% (N=6), while juveniles and pups (with lower heme-protein contents) had lower mean COHb values of 7.6 ± 0.2% and 7.1 ± 0.3%, respectively (N=9 and N=9, respectively). Serial samples over several hours revealed little to no fluctuation in COHb values. This consistent elevation in COHb suggests that the magnitude and/or rate of heme-protein turnover is much higher than in terrestrial mammals. The maximum COHb values from this study decrease total body O2 stores by 7%, thereby reducing the calculated aerobic dive limit for this species. However, the constant presence of elevated CO in blood may also protect against potential ischemia-reperfusion injury associated with the extreme breath-holds of elephant seals. We suggest the elephant seal represents an ideal model for understanding the potential cytoprotective effects, mechanisms of action and evolutionary adaptation associated with chronically elevated concentrations of endogenously produced CO.
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