ArticleThe Journal of biological chemistry2014
Thymosin β4 up-regulation of microRNA-146a promotes oligodendrocyte differentiation and suppression of the Toll-like proinflammatory pathway.
Article in The Journal of biological chemistry, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 34 papers.
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Who cites it
34 citing papers in PubMed, 63 citations in OpenAlex.
- Human Myelin Spheres for in Vitro Oligodendrocyte Maturation, Myelination and Neurological Disease Modeling.Stem cell reviews and reports · 2026Article
- A New Acquaintance of Oligodendrocyte Precursor Cells in the Central Nervous System.Neuroscience bulletin · 2024Review
- Recognizing Alzheimer's disease from perspective of oligodendrocytes: Phenomena or pathogenesis?CNS neuroscience & therapeutics · 2024Review
- Thymosin β4 Regulates the Differentiation of Thymocytes by Controlling the Cytoskeletal Rearrangement and Mitochondrial Transfer of Thymus Epithelial Cells.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Article
- The therapeutic potential of microRNAs to ameliorate spinal cord injury by regulating oligodendrocyte progenitor cells and remyelination.Frontiers in cellular neuroscience · 2024Review
- CDP-choline to promote remyelination in multiple sclerosis: the need for a clinical trial.Neural regeneration research · 2023Review
- The Pathophysiological Role of Thymosin β4 in the Kidney Glomerulus.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- Exosomes derived from bone marrow mesenchymal stromal cells promote remyelination and reduce neuroinflammation in the demyelinating central nervous system.Experimental neurology · 2022Article
- SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) as a possible risk factor for neurodevelopmental disorders.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2022Review
- Effects of thymosin β4-derived peptides on migration and invasion of ovarian cancer cells.Genes & genomics · 2021Article
- The Potential Role of miRNAs as Predictive Biomarkers in Neurodevelopmental Disorders.Journal of molecular neuroscience : MN · 2021Review
- Protective effects of edaravone on white matter pathology in a novel mouse model of Alzheimer's disease with chronic cerebral hypoperfusion.Journal of cerebral blood flow and metabolism : official journal of the International Society of Cerebral Blood Flow and Metabolism · 2021Article
- Ectopic Expression of Human Thymosin β4 Confers Resistance to Legionella pneumophila during Pulmonary and Systemic Infection in Mice.Infection and immunity · 2021Article
- Comparative transcriptomics and host-specific parasite gene expression profiles inform on drivers of proliferative kidney disease.Scientific reports · 2021Article
- Adult Neural Stem Cell Regulation by Small Non-coding RNAs: Physiological Significance and Pathological Implications.Frontiers in cellular neuroscience · 2021Article
- Effect and mechanism of miR-146a on malignant biological behaviors of lung adenocarcinoma cell line.Oncology letters · 2020Article
- MicroRNA-146a Is a Wide-Reaching Neuroinflammatory Regulator and Potential Treatment Target in Neurological Diseases.Frontiers in molecular neuroscience · 2020Article
- Molecular Control of Oligodendrocyte Development.Trends in neurosciences · 2019Review
- miR-146a mediates thymosin β4 induced neurovascular remodeling of diabetic peripheral neuropathy in type-II diabetic mice.Brain research · 2019Article
- Thymosins in multiple sclerosis and its experimental models: moving from basic to clinical application.Multiple sclerosis and related disorders · 2019Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Thymosin β4 (Tβ4), a G-actin-sequestering peptide, improves neurological outcome in rat models of neurological injury. Tissue inflammation results from neurological injury, and regulation of the inflammatory response is vital for neurological recovery. The innate immune response system, which includes the Toll-like receptor (TLR) proinflammatory signaling pathway, regulates tissue injury. We hypothesized that Tβ4 regulates the TLR proinflammatory signaling pathway. Because oligodendrogenesis plays an important role in neurological recovery, we employed an in vitro primary rat embryonic cell model of oligodendrocyte progenitor cells (OPCs) and a mouse N20.1 OPC cell line to measure the effects of Tβ4 on the TLR pathway. Cells were grown in the presence of Tβ4, ranging from 25 to 100 ng/ml (RegeneRx Biopharmaceuticals Inc., Rockville, MD), for 4 days. Quantitative real-time PCR data demonstrated that Tβ4 treatment increased expression of microRNA-146a (miR-146a), a negative regulator the TLR signaling pathway, in these two cell models. Western blot analysis showed that Tβ4 treatment suppressed expression of IL-1 receptor-associated kinase 1 (IRAK1) and tumor necrosis factor receptor-associated factor 6 (TRAF6), two proinflammatory cytokines of the TLR signaling pathway. Transfection of miR-146a into both primary rat embryonic OPCs and mouse N20.1 OPCs treated with Tβ4 demonstrated an amplification of myelin basic protein (MBP) expression and differentiation of OPC into mature MBP-expressing oligodendrocytes. Transfection of anti-miR-146a nucleotides reversed the inhibitory effect of Tβ4 on IRAK1 and TRAF6 and decreased expression of MBP. These data suggest that Tβ4 suppresses the TLR proinflammatory pathway by up-regulating miR-146a.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.