Observational studyNutrients2014
Energy requirements of US Army Special Operation Forces during military training.
Observational study in Nutrients, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 19 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
19 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Threshold of Energy Deficit and Lower-Body Performance Declines in Military Personnel: A Meta-Regression.Sports medicine (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2018Pooled it
- Assessment of Energy Expenditure of Polish Special Forces as a Determinant for Planning the Energy and Nutritional Value of Daily Food Rations.Nutrients · 2026Article
- Changes in Spatiotemporal Parameters During Gait of Special Forces Operators with Additional External Load.Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Nutrition for Tactical Athletes: Insights, Applications and Research Gaps.Sports medicine (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2026Review
- Energy Expenditure of Special Forces Soldiers in Relation to Equipment Load and Movement Speed.Nutrients · 2025Article
- A comprehensive review of dietary supplements mission-specific health and performance enhancement in military soldiers.Food science and biotechnology · 2025Review
- Resting metabolic rate and energy efficiency in response to an intensive 84-day combat-swimmer training in the German Armed Forces.European journal of applied physiology · 2025Article
- Nutritional Considerations in Exercise-Based Heat Acclimation: A Narrative Review.Sports medicine (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2024Review
- Eating- and Weight-Related Disorders in the Armed Forces.Metabolites · 2024Review
- Energy Deficit and Factors Associated with Energy Balance during a Combat Deployment in U.S. Army Special Operation Forces Soldiers.Nutrients · 2024Article
- Heat stress increases carbohydrate oxidation rates and oxygen uptake during prolonged load carriage exercise.Temperature (Austin, Tex.) · 2024Article
- Neuroendocrine, inflammatory, and extracellular vesicle responses during the Navy Special Warfare Screener Selection Course.Physiological genomics · 2022Article
- Testosterone undecanoate administration prevents declines in fat-free mass but not physical performance during simulated multi-stressor military operations.Journal of applied physiology (Bethesda, Md. : 1985) · 2022Article
- Association of whole mtDNA, an NADPH G11914A variant, and haplogroups with high physical performance in an elite military troop.Brazilian journal of medical and biological research = Revista brasileira de pesquisas medicas e biologica · 2021Article
- Alaska backcountry expeditionary hunting promotes rapid improvements in metabolic biomarkers in healthy males and females.Physiological reports · 2021Article
- Energy Deficiency in Soldiers: The Risk of the Athlete Triad and Relative Energy Deficiency in Sport Syndromes in the Military.Frontiers in nutrition · 2020Review
- The energy requirements and metabolic benefits of wilderness hunting in Alaska.Physiological reports · 2018Article
- Prediction equation for estimating total daily energy requirements of special operations personnel.Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition · 2018Article
- A review of the physiological and psychological health and wellbeing of naval service personnel and the modalities used for monitoring.Military Medical Research · 2017Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Special Operations Forces (SOF) regularly engage in physically demanding combat operations and field training exercises, resulting in high daily energy expenditure, and thus increased energy requirements. However, the majority of studies assessing energy requirements of SOF have been conducted on soldiers going through intense SOF initiation training. The objective of the current investigation was to determine the energy expenditure of SOF conducting military training operations. Thirty-one soldiers taking part in Pre-Mission Training (PMT n = 15) and Combat Diver Qualification Courses (CDQC n = 16) volunteered to participate in this observational study. Energy expenditure was determined using doubly labeled water. Body weight (83 ± 7 kg) remained stable during both training periods. Overall energy expenditure adjusted for body composition was 17,606 ± 2326 kJ·day(-1). Energy expenditure was 19,110 ± 1468 kJ·day(-1) during CDQC and 16,334 ± 2180 kJ·day(-1) during PMT, with physical activity levels of 2.6 ± 0.2 and 2.2 ± 0.3 during CDQC and PMT, respectively. Compared to the Military Dietary Reference Intakes for energy (13,598 kJ·day(-1)), these data are in agreement with previous reports that energy requirement for SOF Soldiers exceed that of the average soldier.
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