Trial reportThe Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism2014
Adverse effects of two nights of sleep restriction on the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis in healthy men.
Trial report in The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 59 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
59 citing papers in PubMed.
- Modulating stress and sleep through a multi-compound dietary supplement: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial.Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition · 2026Trial
- Effects of Experimental Sleep Restriction on Energy Intake, Energy Expenditure, and Visceral Obesity.Journal of the American College of Cardiology · 2022Trial
- Clamping Cortisol and Testosterone Mitigates the Development of Insulin Resistance during Sleep Restriction in Men.The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism · 2021Trial
- Trial
- Effects of Insufficient Sleep on Pituitary-Adrenocortical Response to CRH Stimulation in Healthy Men.Sleep · 2017Trial
- Sleep loss as a cardiometabolic risk factor: a narrative review of clinical and public health implications.Journal of clinical sleep medicine : JCSM : official publication of the American Academy of Sleep Medicine · 2026Review
- Fatigue in Sjögren's Disease - Integrating Biomedical and Psychosocial Aspects: A Narrative Review.Rheumatology and therapy · 2026Review
- Coptidis Rhizoma extract mitigates sleep deprivation-induced cognitive impairment and neurodegeneration: Insights into hormonal, glymphatic, and molecular mechanisms.Journal of traditional and complementary medicine · 2026Article
- The Immune System as a Biosensor of Health and Athletic Performance.Scandinavian journal of medicine & science in sports · 2026Review
- Sleep and circadian rhythms in cardiovascular resilience: mechanisms, implications, and a Roadmap for research and interventions.Nature reviews. Cardiology · 2026Review
- Sleep and circadian disruption reshape immune homeostasis in oral tissues: mechanistic roles of melatonin and cortisol in periodontal disease and xerostomia.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Sleep duration, sleep quality, and daytime napping in relation to incident cardiometabolic multimorbidity across three national aging cohorts: a prospective, interpretable machine learning study.Frontiers in nutrition · 2026Article
- Exploring the physiological mechanisms of sleep's influence on athletic performance and recovery: a narrative review.Sleep & breathing = Schlaf & Atmung · 2025Review
- Association of unhealthy lifestyles and suicidal behaviors among Chinese middle school students: a latent class analysis.BMC psychiatry · 2025Article
- Unraveling the complex relationship between night shift work and diabetes: exploring mechanisms and potential interventions.Frontiers in public health · 2025Review
- Advancing the allostatic load model in military training research: from theory to application.Frontiers in physiology · 2025Review
- Association of sleep disturbances with diminished ovarian reserve in women undergoing infertility treatment.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Article
- Article
- Sleep Disorders in Connective Tissue Diseases-Coexisting Diseases or Disease Components?Journal of clinical medicine · 2024Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors.
Funding
Abstract
contextInsufficient sleep is associated with increased cardiometabolic risk. Alterations in hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis may underlie this link.
objectiveOur objective was to examine the impact of restricted sleep on daytime profiles of ACTH and cortisol concentrations.
methodsThirteen subjects participated in 2 laboratory sessions (2 nights of 10 hours in bed versus 2 nights of 4 hours in bed) in a randomized crossover design. Sleep was polygraphically recorded. After the second night of each session, blood was sampled at 20-minute intervals from 9:00 am to midnight to measure ACTH and total cortisol. Saliva was collected every 20 minutes from 2:00 pm to midnight to measure free cortisol. Perceived stress, hunger, and appetite were assessed at hourly intervals by validated scales.
resultsSleep restriction was associated with a 19% increase in overall ACTH levels (P < .03) that was correlated with the individual amount of sleep loss (rSp = 0.63, P < .02). Overall total cortisol levels were also elevated (+21%; P = .10). Pulse frequency was unchanged for both ACTH and cortisol. Morning levels of ACTH were higher after sleep restriction (P < .04) without concomitant elevation of cortisol. In contrast, evening ACTH levels were unchanged while total and free cortisol increased by, respectively, 30% (P < .03) and 200% (P < .04). Thus, the amplitude of the circadian cortisol decline was dampened by sleep restriction (-21%; P < .05). Sleep restriction was not associated with higher perceived stress but resulted in an increase in appetite that was correlated with the increase in total cortisol.
conclusionThe impact of sleep loss on hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal activity is dependent on time of day. Insufficient sleep dampens the circadian rhythm of cortisol, a major internal synchronizer of central and peripheral clocks.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.