ArticleInfection and immunity2014
The macrophage migration inhibitory factor homolog of Entamoeba histolytica binds to and immunomodulates host macrophages.
Article in Infection and immunity, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 21 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
21 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 39 citations in OpenAlex.
- Fulminant Amebic Colitis after Corticosteroid Therapy: A Systematic Review.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2016Pooled it
- Giardia duodenalis MIF induces host intestinal damage via CD74 receptor mediated NLRP3 inflammasome activation.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2026Article
- Macrophage migration inhibitory factor of zoonoticiScience · 2026Article
- Article
- Landscape of Interactions between Stromal and Myeloid Cells in Ileal Crohn's Disease; Indications of an Important Role for Fibroblast-Derived CCL-2.Biomedicines · 2024Article
- The Role of Macrophage Migration Inhibitory Factor (MIF) and D-Dopachrome Tautomerase (D-DT/MIF-2) in Infections: A Clinical Perspective.Biomedicines · 2023Review
- Diversity and Plasticity of Virulent Characteristics ofTropical medicine and infectious disease · 2023Review
- Review
- Atypical Membrane-Anchored Cytokine MIF in a Marine Dinoflagellate.Microorganisms · 2020Article
- Targeting Parasite-Produced Macrophage Migration Inhibitory Factor as an Antivirulence Strategy With Antibiotic-Antibody Combination to Reduce Tissue Damage.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2020Article
- CD74 Signaling Links Inflammation to Intestinal Epithelial Cell Regeneration and Promotes Mucosal Healing.Cellular and molecular gastroenterology and hepatology · 2020Article
- Parasite-Produced MIF Cytokine: Role in Immune Evasion, Invasion, and Pathogenesis.Frontiers in immunology · 2019Review
- Learning from the research on amebiasis and gut microbiome: Is stimulation by gut flora essential for effective neutrophil mediated protection from external pathogens?Gut microbes · 2019Article
- Tissue Destruction Caused byCurrent clinical microbiology reports · 2019Review
- Interaction between parasite-encoded JAB1/CSN5 and macrophage migration inhibitory factor proteins attenuates its proinflammatory function.Scientific reports · 2018Article
- Article
- Microbiome-mediated neutrophil recruitment via CXCR2 and protection from amebic colitis.PLoS pathogens · 2017Article
- Entamoeba histolytica-Encoded Homolog of Macrophage Migration Inhibitory Factor Contributes to Mucosal Inflammation during Amebic Colitis.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2017Article
- Article
- Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
The host inflammatory response contributes to the tissue damage that occurs during amebic colitis, with tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) being a key mediator of the gut inflammation observed. Mammalian macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) is a proinflammatory cytokine that plays an important role in the exacerbation of a wide range of inflammatory diseases, including colitis. We identified a MIF gene homolog in the Entamoeba histolytica genome, raising the question of whether E. histolytica MIF (EhMIF) has proinflammatory activity similar to that of mammalian MIF. In this report, we describe the first functional characterization of EhMIF. Antibodies were prepared against recombinantly expressed EhMIF and used to demonstrate that EhMIF is expressed as a 12-kDa protein localized to the cytoplasm of trophozoites. In a manner similar to that of mammalian MIF, EhMIF interacted with the MIF receptor CD74 and bound to macrophages. EhMIF induced interleukin-6 (IL-6) production. In addition, EhMIF enhanced TNF-α secretion by amplifying TNF-α production by lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated macrophages and by inhibiting the glucocorticoid-mediated suppression of TNF-α secretion. EhMIF was expressed during human infection, as evidenced by the presence of anti-EhMIF antibodies in the sera of children living in an area where E. histolytica infection is endemic. Anti-EhMIF antibodies did not cross-react with human MIF. The ability of EhMIF to modulate host macrophage function may promote an exaggerated proinflammatory immune response and contribute to the tissue damage seen in amebic colitis.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.