ArticleBrain structure & function2015
Development of the blood-brain barrier within the paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus: influence of fetal glucocorticoid excess.
Article in Brain structure & function, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 22 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
22 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 28 citations in OpenAlex.
- Long-term neuropathological and/or neurobehavioral effects of antenatal corticosteroid therapy in animal models: a systematic review.Pediatric research · 2020Pooled it
- Prenatal stress alters offspring neurovascular, autonomic, and immune development in animal models of neuropsychiatric and cardiometabolic disorders.Journal of neuroendocrinology · 2026Review
- Impacts of prenatal resiquimod exposure during late gestation on rat offspring development and behavior.American journal of physiology. Regulatory, integrative and comparative physiology · 2026Article
- Microglia alter autonomic nucleus neuronal activation after peripheral cytokine challenge.American journal of physiology. Cell physiology · 2026Article
- Region and Cell-Selective Induction of Zbtb16/Plzf by Multiple Stressors in the Adult Murine Hypothalamus.The European journal of neuroscience · 2026Article
- Bridging regional neurovascular unit heterogeneity and cognitive function: a review.Fluids and barriers of the CNS · 2025Review
- Maternal immune activation by toll-like receptor 7 agonist during mid-gestation increases susceptibility to blood-brain barrier leakage after puberty.Brain behavior and immunity integrative · 2024Article
- Maternal immune activation with toll-like receptor 7 agonist during mid-gestation alters juvenile and adult developmental milestones and behavior.Journal of neuroendocrinology · 2024Article
- Postnatal Changes of Somatostatin Expression in Hippocampi of C57BL/6 Mice; Modulation of Neuroblast Differentiation in the Hippocampus.Veterinary sciences · 2023Article
- Evaluating different models of maternal stress on stress-responsive systems in prepubertal mice.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2023Article
- Morphine pharmacokinetics and opioid transporter expression at the blood-retina barrier of male and female mice.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2023Article
- Exercise Normalized the Hippocampal Renin-Angiotensin System and Restored Spatial Memory Function, Neurogenesis, and Blood-Brain Barrier Permeability in the 2K1C-Hypertensive Mouse.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Article
- Impact of prenatal maternal cytokine exposure on sex differences in brain circuitry regulating stress in offspring 45 years later.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2021Article
- Location Matters: Navigating Regional Heterogeneity of the Neurovascular Unit.Frontiers in cellular neuroscience · 2021Review
- Efficacy and safety of antenatal steroids.American journal of physiology. Regulatory, integrative and comparative physiology · 2018Review
- Embryonic Exposure to Dexamethasone Affects Nonneuronal Cells in the Adult Paraventricular Nucleus of the Hypothalamus.Journal of the Endocrine Society · 2018Article
- Interleukin-1β signaling in fenestrated capillaries is sufficient to trigger sickness responses in mice.Journal of neuroinflammation · 2017Article
- Inflammation and vascular remodeling in the ventral hippocampus contributes to vulnerability to stress.Translational psychiatry · 2017Article
- Prenatal stress-induced increases in hippocampal von Willebrand factor expression are prevented by concurrent prenatal escitalopram.Physiology & behavior · 2017Article
- Long-Term High Salt Intake Involves Reduced SK Currents and Increased Excitability of PVN Neurons with Projections to the Rostral Ventrolateral Medulla in Rats.Neural plasticity · 2017Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
The blood-brain barrier (BBB) is a critical contributor to brain function. To understand its development and potential function in different brain regions, the postnatal (P) BBB was investigated in the mouse cortex (CTX), lateral hypothalamus, and paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus (PVN). Brains were examined on postnatal days (P)12, P22 and P52 for BBB competency and for pericytes as key cellular components of the BBB demarcated by immunoreactive desmin. Glucocorticoid influences (excess dexamethasone; dex) during prenatal development were also assessed for their impact on the blood vessels within these regions postnatally. At P12, there was significantly more extravascular leakage of a low molecular weight dye (fluorescein isothiocyanate) in the CTX than within hypothalamic regions. For pericytes, there were low levels of desmin immunoreactivity at P12 that increased with age for all regions. There was more desmin immunoreactivity present in the PVN at each age examined. Fetal dex exposure resulted in decreased blood vessel density within the PVN at P20. In the CTX, dex exposure increased BBB competency, in contrast to the PVN where there was a decrease in BBB competency and increased pericyte presence. Overall, unique alterations in the functioning of the BBB within the PVN may provide a novel mechanism for fetal antecedent programming that may influence adult disorders.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.