ArticleThe Journal of clinical psychiatry2014
Gender differences, clinical correlates, and longitudinal outcome of bipolar disorder with comorbid migraine.
Article in The Journal of clinical psychiatry, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 28 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
28 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 71 citations in OpenAlex.
- The Migraine-Anxiety Comorbidity Among Migraineurs: A Systematic Review.Frontiers in neurology · 2020Pooled it
- Understanding the nature of psychiatric comorbidity in migraine: a systematic review focused on interactions and treatment implications.The journal of headache and pain · 2019Pooled it
- Adjunctive dietary intervention for bipolar disorder: a randomized, controlled, parallel-group, modified double-blinded trial of a high n-3 plus low n-6 diet.Bipolar disorders · 2022Trial
- Association between psychological disorders and migraine in young U.S. adults with gender-specific analysis and marital status considerations.The journal of headache and pain · 2025Article
- The Impact of Childhood Maltreatment on Central Pain Processing in Individuals With Psychosis.Bipolar disorders · 2025Article
- Sex Differences in Brain Disorders.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- Lithium use associated with symptom severity in comorbid bipolar disorder I and migraine.Brain and behavior · 2022Article
- Headache and mental disorders in a nationally representative sample of American youth.European child & adolescent psychiatry · 2022Article
- Maternal migraine and the risk of psychiatric disorders in offspring: a population-based cohort study.Epidemiology and psychiatric sciences · 2021Article
- Gender Differences in Clinical Characteristics and Comorbidities in Bipolar Disorder: a Study from South India.The Psychiatric quarterly · 2021Article
- Article
- Sex Differences in the Longitudinal Course and Outcome of Bipolar Disorder in Youth.The Journal of clinical psychiatry · 2020Article
- Sex differences in schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, and post-traumatic stress disorder: Are gonadal hormones the link?British journal of pharmacology · 2019Review
- Medical and Psychiatric Comorbidities in Bipolar Disorder: Insights from National Inpatient Population-based Study.Cureus · 2019Article
- Family support: A possible buffer against disruptive events for individuals with and without remitted depression.Journal of family psychology : JFP : journal of the Division of Family Psychology of the American Psychological Association (Division 43) · 2018Article
- Gender Differences and Comorbidities in U.S. Adults with Bipolar Disorder.Brain sciences · 2018Article
- Cohort Profile: The Heinz C. Prechter Longitudinal Study of Bipolar Disorder.International journal of epidemiology · 2018Article
- Peripheral zinc and neopterin concentrations are associated with mood severity in bipolar disorder in a gender-specific manner.Psychiatry research · 2017Article
- Chronic migraine, comorbidity, and socioeconomic deprivation: cross-sectional analysis of a large nationally representative primary care database.Journal of comorbidity · 2017Article
- Decreased Openness to Experience Is Associated with Migraine-Type Headaches in Subjects with Lifetime Depression.Frontiers in neurology · 2017Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
objectiveMigraine is a common comorbidity of bipolar disorder and is more prevalent in women than men. We hypothesized comorbid migraine would be associated with features of illness and psychosocial risk factors that would differ by gender and impact outcome.
methodA retrospective analysis was conducted to assess association between self-reported, physician-diagnosed migraine, clinical variables of interest, and mood outcome in subjects with DSM-IV bipolar disorder (N = 412) and healthy controls (N = 157) from the Prechter Longitudinal Study of Bipolar Disorder, 2005-2010. Informed consent was obtained from all participants.
resultsMigraine was more common in subjects with bipolar disorder (31%) than in healthy controls (6%) and had elevated risk in bipolar disorder women compared to men (OR = 3.5; 95% CI, 2.1-5.8). In men, migraine was associated with bipolar II disorder (OR = 9.9; 95% CI, 2.3-41.9) and mixed symptoms (OR = 3.5; 95% CI, 1.0-11.9). In comparison to absence of migraine, presence of migraine was associated with an earlier age at onset of bipolar disorder by 2 years, more severe depression (β = .13, P = .03), and more frequent depression longitudinally (β = .13, P = .03). Migraine was correlated with childhood emotional abuse (P = .01), sexual abuse (P = 4 × 10⁻³), emotional neglect (P = .01), and high neuroticism (P = 2 × 10⁻³). Protective factors included high extraversion (P = .02) and high family adaptability at the trend level (P = .08).
conclusionsMigraine is a common comorbidity with bipolar disorder and may impact long-term outcome of bipolar disorder, particularly depression. Clinicians should be alert for migraine comorbidity in women and in men with bipolar II disorder. Effective treatment of migraine may impact mood outcome in bipolar disorder as well as headache outcome. Joint pathophysiologic mechanisms between migraine and bipolar disorder may be important pathways for future study of treatments for both disorders.
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