ArticleEpilepsia2014
Is it time to replace the Wada test and put awake craniotomy to sleep?
Article in Epilepsia, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 19 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
19 citing papers in PubMed.
- Reliability of magnetoencephalography beta desynchronization for language lateralization in a subsequent memory effect paradigm.Clinical neurophysiology practice · 2026Article
- Challenges and opportunities for advancing functional MRI in clinical practice.Brain : a journal of neurology · 2025Article
- Consensus recommendations for clinical functional MRI applied to language mapping.Aperture neuro · 2025Article
- Comparison of lateralization and spatial patterns of hemodynamic and neuromagnetic language brain mapping.Clinical neurophysiology practice · 2025Article
- Review
- Concordance between Wada, Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation, and Magnetoencephalography for Determining Hemispheric Dominance for Language: A Retrospective Study.Brain sciences · 2024Article
- Comparing the efficacy of awake and sedated MEG to TMS in mapping hand sensorimotor cortex in a clinical cohort.NeuroImage. Clinical · 2024Article
- Clinical Utility of Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (TMS) in the Presurgical Evaluation of Motor, Speech, and Language Functions in Young Children With Refractory Epilepsy or Brain Tumor: Preliminary Evidence.Frontiers in neurology · 2021Article
- Awake brain surgery in children-review of the literature and state-of-the-art.Child's nervous system : ChNS : official journal of the International Society for Pediatric Neurosurgery · 2019Review
- Functional brain mapping: overview of techniques and their application to neurosurgery.Neurosurgical review · 2019Review
- Article
- Cognitive neuroscience using wearable magnetometer arrays: Non-invasive assessment of language function.NeuroImage · 2018Article
- IFCN-endorsed practical guidelines for clinical magnetoencephalography (MEG).Clinical neurophysiology : official journal of the International Federation of Clinical Neurophysiology · 2018Review
- Cortical Activation Through Passive-Motion Functional MRI.AJNR. American journal of neuroradiology · 2015Article
- Evaluation of Language Function under Awake Craniotomy.Neurologia medico-chirurgica · 2015Review
- Variation in the topography of the speech production cortex verified by cortical stimulation and high gamma activity.Neuroreport · 2014Article
- Cortical cartography reveals political and physical maps.Epilepsia · 2014Article
- Cortical organization of language pathways in children with non-localized cryptogenic epilepsy.Frontiers in human neuroscience · 2014Article
- Assessment of hemispheric dominance for receptive language in pediatric patients under sedation using magnetoencephalography.Frontiers in human neuroscience · 2014Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The question we address here is whether the invasive presurgical brain mapping approaches of direct cortical stimulation and of the Wada procedure can be replaced by noninvasive functional neuroimaging methods (functional magnetic resonance imaging [fMRI], magnetoencephalography [MEG], transcranial magnetic stimulation and [TMS]). First, we outline the reasons for contemplating such a replacement. Second, we present evidence to the effect that the efficacy of the invasive and noninvasive methods, while suboptimal, is comparable. Third, we discuss additional advantages of noninvasive presurgical brain mapping and conclude that there are no longer compelling reasons for opting for invasive mapping in many if not most cases provided that the non-invasive methods are available.
Indexed as
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.