ArticleApplied and environmental microbiology2014
Sporadic isolation of sabin-like polioviruses and high-level detection of non-polio enteroviruses during sewage surveillance in seven Italian cities, after several years of inactivated poliovirus vaccination.
Article in Applied and environmental microbiology, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 24 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
24 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 28 citations in OpenAlex.
- Insights from a Systematic Search for Information on Designs, Costs, and Effectiveness of Poliovirus Environmental Surveillance Systems.Food and environmental virology · 2017Pooled it
- Sampling Schemes in Poliovirus Wastewater Surveillance Studies from European Countries and Their Comparison to Other Studies: A Literature Review.Microorganisms · 2026Review
- Global Prevalence of Non-Polio Enteroviruses Pre- and Post COVID-19 Pandemic.Microorganisms · 2025Review
- Article
- Wastewater surveillance beyond COVID-19: a ranking system for communicable disease testing in the tri-county Detroit area, Michigan, USA.Frontiers in public health · 2023Article
- Investigation of airport sewage to detect importation of poliovirus, Poland, 2017 to 2020.Euro surveillance : bulletin Europeen sur les maladies transmissibles = European communicable disease bulletin · 2022Article
- Article
- Human Enterovirus Diversity by Next-Generation Sequencing Analysis in Urban Sewage Samples From Buenos Aires Metropolitan Area, Argentina: A Retrospective Study.Food and environmental virology · 2021Article
- Molecular Characterization and Phylogenetic Analysis of Enteroviruses and Hepatitis A Viruses in Sewage Samples, Northern Italy, 2016.Food and environmental virology · 2019Article
- Poliovirus and non-polio-enterovirus environmental surveillance in Parma within the "Global Polio Eradication Program" (GPEI).Acta bio-medica : Atenei Parmensis · 2019Article
- Immunity status against poliomyelitis in young migrants: a seroprevalence study.Acta bio-medica : Atenei Parmensis · 2019Article
- Poliovirus and Other Enteroviruses from Environmental Surveillance in Italy, 2009-2015.Food and environmental virology · 2018Article
- An Environmental Surveillance in Uruguay Reveals the Presence of Highly Divergent Types of Human Enterovirus Species C and a High Frequency of Species A and B Types.Food and environmental virology · 2018Article
- A Review of the Most Commonly Used Methods for Sample Collection in Environmental Surveillance of Poliovirus.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2018Review
- Large-Scale Survey of Human Enteroviruses in Wastewater Treatment Plants of a Metropolitan Area of Southern Italy.Food and environmental virology · 2018Article
- Development of an elution device for ViroCap virus filters.Environmental monitoring and assessment · 2017Article
- Molecular typing of non-polio enteroviruses isolated from acute flaccid paralysis cases in Iran from 2010 to 2015.Virologica Sinica · 2017Article
- Laboratory Surveillance of Polio and Other Enteroviruses in High-Risk Populations and Environmental Samples.Applied and environmental microbiology · 2017Article
- Surveillance of poliomyelitis in Northern Italy: Results of acute flaccid paralysis surveillance and environmental surveillance, 2012-2015.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2017Article
- Nucleotide variation in Sabin type 3 poliovirus from an Albanian infant with agammaglobulinemia and vaccine associated poliomyelitis.BMC infectious diseases · 2016Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
19 authors at 8 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Sewage surveillance in seven Italian cities between 2005 and 2008, after the introduction of inactivated poliovirus vaccination (IPV) in 2002, showed rare polioviruses, none that were wild-type or circulating vaccine-derived poliovirus (cVDPV), and many other enteroviruses among 1,392 samples analyzed. Two of five polioviruses (PV) detected were Sabin-like PV2 and three PV3, based on enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and PCR results. Neurovirulence-related mutations were found in the 5'noncoding region (5'NCR) of all strains and, for a PV2, also in VP1 region 143 (Ile>Thr). Intertypic recombination in the 3D region was detected in a second PV2 (Sabin 2/Sabin 1) and a PV3 (Sabin 3/Sabin 2). The low mutation rate in VP1 for all PVs suggests limited interhuman virus passages, consistent with efficient polio immunization in Italy. Nonetheless, these findings highlight the risk of wild or Sabin poliovirus reintroduction from abroad. Non-polio enteroviruses (NPEVs) were detected, 448 of which were coxsackievirus B (CVB) and 294 of which were echoviruses (Echo). Fifty-six NPEVs failing serological typing were characterized by sequencing the VP1 region (nucleotides [nt] 2628 to 2976). A total of 448 CVB and 294 Echo strains were identified; among those strains, CVB2, CVB5, and Echo 11 predominated. Environmental CVB5 and CVB2 strains from this study showed high sequence identity with GenBank global strains. The high similarity between environmental NPEVs and clinical strains from the same areas of Italy and the same periods indicates that environmental strains reflect the viruses circulating in the population and highlights the potential risk of inefficient wastewater treatments. This study confirmed that sewage surveillance can be more sensitive than acute flaccid paralysis (AFP) surveillance in monitoring silent poliovirus circulation in the population as well as the suitability of molecular approaches to enterovirus typing.
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