Trial reportDrug and alcohol dependence2014
Modulation of smoking and decision-making behaviors with transcranial direct current stimulation in tobacco smokers: a preliminary study.
Trial report in Drug and alcohol dependence, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to 2 registered trials, which are not on this map. Cited by 71 papers, 7 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Effect of Trigeminal Nerve Stimulation (TNS) on Nicotine Craving: Phase II, Cross-over, Randomized, Sham-controlled Clinical Trial
Temporal Interference Neurostimulation and Addiction
Who cites it
71 citing papers in PubMed, 7 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- A systematic review and meta-analysis of neuromodulation therapies for substance use disorders.Neuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology · 2024Pooled it
- The two-way relationship between nicotine and cortical activity: a systematic review of neurobiological and treatment aspects.European archives of psychiatry and clinical neuroscience · 2021Pooled it
- A Systematic Review of Noninvasive Brain Stimulation for Opioid Use Disorder.Neuromodulation : journal of the International Neuromodulation Society · 2020Pooled it
- A Meta-Analysis of Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation on Substance and Food Craving: What Effect Do Modulators Have?Frontiers in psychiatry · 2020Pooled it
- Transcranial electrical and magnetic stimulation (tES and TMS) for addiction medicine: A consensus paper on the present state of the science and the road ahead.Neuroscience and biobehavioral reviews · 2019Pooled it
- Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation to Improve the Dysfunction of Descending Pain Modulatory System Related to Opioids in Chronic Non-cancer Pain: An Integrative Review of Neurobiology and Meta-Analysis.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2019Pooled it
- Effects of neuromodulation on cognitive performance in individuals exhibiting addictive behaviors: A systematic review.Drug and alcohol dependence · 2018Pooled it
- Transcranial direct current stimulation associated with physical exercise can help smokers to quit smoking: a randomized controlled trial.Scientific reports · 2025Trial
- Transcranial direct current stimulation combined with a brief intervention for smoking cessation: a randomized double-blind clinical trial.European archives of psychiatry and clinical neuroscience · 2024Trial
- A double-blind sham-controlled phase 1 clinical trial of tDCS of the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex in cocaine inpatients: Craving, sleepiness, and contemplation to change.The European journal of neuroscience · 2021Trial
- Efficacy of single-session transcranial direct current stimulation on addiction-related inhibitory control and craving: a randomized trial in males with Internet gaming disorder.Journal of psychiatry & neuroscience : JPN · 2021Trial
- Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation Applied to the Dorsolateral and Ventromedial Prefrontal Cortices in Smokers Modifies Cognitive Circuits Implicated in the Nicotine Withdrawal Syndrome.Biological psychiatry. Cognitive neuroscience and neuroimaging · 2020Trial
- No effect of repetitive tDCS on daily smoking behaviour in light smokers: A placebo controlled EMA study.PloS one · 2020Trial
- Lack of effect of transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) on short-term smoking cessation: Results of a randomized, sham-controlled clinical trial.Drug and alcohol dependence · 2019Trial
- Effect of transcranial direct current stimulation on the number of smoked cigarettes in tobacco smokers.PloS one · 2019Trial
- Effects of repeated transcranial direct current stimulation on smoking, craving and brain reactivity to smoking cues.Scientific reports · 2018Trial
- Trial
- A Randomized Placebo-Controlled Trial of Targeted Prefrontal Cortex Modulation with Bilateral tDCS in Patients with Crack-Cocaine Dependence.The international journal of neuropsychopharmacology · 2015Trial
- Trial
- Modification of inhibitory control and craving through transcranial direct current stimulation as an add-on treatment for substance use disorder: protocol for a randomized controlled study.BMC psychology · 2025Article
11 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundMost tobacco smokers who wish to quit fail to reach their goal. One important, insufficiently emphasized aspect of addiction relates to the decision-making system, often characterized by dysfunctional cognitive control and a powerful drive for reward. Recent proof-of-principle studies indicate that transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) over the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) can transiently modulate processes involved in decision-making, and reduce substance intake and craving for various addictions. We previously proposed that this beneficial effect of stimulation for reducing addictive behaviors is in part mediated by more reflective decision-making. The goal of this study was to test whether nicotine intake and decision-making behaviors are modulated by tDCS over the DLPFC in tobacco smokers who wished to quit smoking.
methodsSubjects received two five-day tDCS regimens (active or sham). Stimulation was delivered over the right DLPFC at a 2 mA during 30 min. Nicotine cravings, cigarette consumption and decision-making were assessed before and after each session.
resultsMain findings include a significant decrease in the number of cigarettes smoked when participants received active as compared to sham stimulation. This effect lasted up to four days after the end of the stimulation regimen. In regards to decision-making, smokers rejected more often offers of cigarettes, but not offers of money, after they received active as compared to sham stimulation at the Ultimatum Game. No significant change was observed at the Risk Task with cigarettes or money as rewards.
conclusionOverall, these findings suggest that tDCS over the DLPFC may be beneficial for smoking reduction and induce reward sensitive effects.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.