ArticleGenome biology and evolution2014
Distinguishing between "function" and "effect" in genome biology.
Article in Genome biology and evolution, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 45 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
45 citing papers in PubMed.
- Assessment of Circulating LncRNAs Under Physiologic and Pathologic Conditions in Humans Reveals Potential Limitations as Biomarkers.Scientific reports · 2016Trial
- Genomic indicators of gene function: a systematic assessment of the human genome.G3 (Bethesda, Md.) · 2026Article
- From junk to deleterious: Natural subtelomeric repeat amplifications impact fitness and cellular phenotypes in yeast.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- How Binding Affinity and Binding Specificity Map to Sequence Space.Journal of molecular evolution · 2026Article
- Understanding Functional Evolution in Orthologs and Paralogs.Journal of molecular evolution · 2025Review
- A Multi-level Perspective on the Evolution of Orthologs and Their Functions.Journal of molecular evolution · 2025Review
- Functional synonymous mutations and their evolutionary consequences.Nature reviews. Genetics · 2025Review
- Transcriptomic and proteomic effects of gene deletion are not evolutionarily conserved.Genome research · 2025Article
- Review
- Neutral evolution of snoRNA Host Gene long non-coding RNA affects cell fate control.The EMBO journal · 2024Article
- De Novo Emerged Gene Search in Eukaryotes with DENSE.Genome biology and evolution · 2024Article
- Are non-protein coding RNAs junk or treasure?: An attempt to explain and reconcile opposing viewpoints of whether the human genome is mostly transcribed into non-functional or functional RNAs.BioEssays : news and reviews in molecular, cellular and developmental biology · 2024Article
- A designer synthetic chromosome fragment functions in moss.Nature plants · 2024Article
- Article
- Human genetics seen through an evolutionary lens.Cell genomics · 2023Article
- Intron losses and gains in the nematodes.Biology direct · 2022Article
- A Non-Canonical Link between Non-Coding RNAs and Cardiovascular Diseases.Biomedicines · 2022Review
- Non-Darwinian Molecular Biology.Frontiers in genetics · 2022Review
- Mammalian circular RNAs result largely from splicing errors.Cell reports · 2021Article
- The vaccinologist's "dirty little secret": a better understanding of structure-function relationships of viral immunogens might advance rational HIV vaccine design.Archives of virology · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Much confusion in genome biology results from conflation of possible meanings of the word "function." We suggest that, in this connection, attention should be paid to evolutionary biologists and philosophers who have previously dealt with this problem. We need only decide that although all genomic structures have effects, only some of them should be said to have functions. Although it will very often be difficult or impossible to establish function (strictly defined), it should not automatically be assumed. We enjoin genomicists in particular to pay greater attention to parsing biological effects.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.