Evidence map›Paper›PMID 24814193›Full record

ArticleAmerican journal of human genetics2014

Mutations in EMP2 cause childhood-onset nephrotic syndrome.

Heon Yung Gee, Shazia Ashraf, Xiaoyang Wan, Virginia Vega-Warner, Julian Esteve-Rudd, Svjetlana Lovric, Humphrey Fang, Toby W Hurd, Carolin E Sadowski, Susan J Allen and 10 more

Open access · bronzeAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in American journal of human genetics, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 71 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
71citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
7.6field-weighted citation impact, top 2% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

71 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 125 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. Article
  5. A recurrent de novo damaging variant inProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2025
    Article
  6. Review
  7. MicroRNAs in idiopathic childhood nephrotic syndrome.Clinical and experimental nephrology · 2025
    Article
  8. Review
  9. Review
  10. Article
  11. X-linked variations inJournal of medical genetics · 2023
    Article
  12. Review
  13. Review
  14. Article
  15. Review
  16. Sex-dimorphic gene effects on survival outcomes in people with coronary artery disease.American heart journal plus : cardiology research and practice · 2022
    Article
  17. Article
  18. Article
  19. Trends in pediatric nephrotic syndrome.World journal of nephrology · 2021
    Review
  20. Review

11 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

20 authors at 10 institutions in 3 countries.

Heon Yung GeeDivision of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
Shazia AshrafDivision of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
Xiaoyang WanDepartment of Pediatrics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA.
Virginia Vega-WarnerDepartment of Pediatrics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA.
Julian Esteve-RuddJules Stein Eye Institute, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.
Svjetlana LovricDivision of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
Humphrey FangDivision of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
Toby W HurdMedical Research Council Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH4 2XU, UK.
Carolin E SadowskiDivision of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
Susan J AllenDepartment of Pediatrics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA.
Edgar A OttoDepartment of Pediatrics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA.
Emine KorkmazNephrogenetics Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine, Hacettepe University, Ankara 06100, Turkey.
Joseph WashburnBiomedical Research Core Facilities, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA.
Shawn LevyHudsonAlpha Institute for Biotechnology, 601 Genome Way, Huntsville, AL 35806, USA.
David S WilliamsJules Stein Eye Institute, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.
Sevcan A BakkalogluDepartment of Pediatric Nephrology, Faculty of Medicine, Gazi University, Ankara 06570, Turkey.
Anna ZolotnitskayaNew York Medical College, Valhalla, NY 10595, USA.
Fatih OzaltinNephrogenetics Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine, Hacettepe University, Ankara 06100, Turkey; Department of Pediatric Nephrology, Faculty of Medicine, Hacettepe University, Ankara 06100, Turkey; Center for Biobanking and Genomics, Hacettepe University, Ankara 06100, Turkey.
Weibin ZhouDepartment of Pediatrics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA.
Friedhelm HildebrandtDivision of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Chevy Chase, MD 20815, USA. Electronic address: friedhelm.hildebrandt@childrens.harvard.edu.
University of Michigan–Ann Arbor · USBoston Children's Hospital · USHacettepe University · TRDoheny Eye Institute · USGazi University · TRHarvard University · USHudsonAlpha Institute for Biotechnology · USNew York Medical College · USUniversity of California, Los Angeles · USUniversity of Edinburgh · GB

Funding

Identification and function of new genes causing childhood nephrotic syndromeR01DK076683 · NIDDK · UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN AT ANN ARBOR · PI HILDEBRANDT, FRIEDHELM · 2007 to 2021
$5.3M
RPE Cell Biology of Myosin VIIaR01EY007042 · NEI · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN DIEGO · PI WILLIAMS, DAVID S · 1985 to 2013
$5.1M
The Photoreceptor CiliumR01EY013408 · NEI · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA SAN DIEGO · PI WILLIAMS, DAVID S · 2001 to 2017
$3.8M
Identifying all Meckel-like ciliopathy genes by established total exome capture aRC4DK090917 · NIDDK · UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN AT ANN ARBOR · PI OTTO, EDGAR A · 2010 to 2010
$1.2M
Exon capture and large-scale sequencing for disease-cause identification, early dRC1DK086542 · NIDDK · UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN AT ANN ARBOR · PI HILDEBRANDT, FRIEDHELM · 2009 to 2010
$981k
Mesonephric Model of Podocyte Injury and RegenerationR00DK091405 · NIDDK · UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN AT ANN ARBOR · PI ZHOU, WEIBIN · 2013 to 2015
$730k
Mesonephric Model of Podocyte Injury and RegenerationK99DK091405 · NIDDK · UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN AT ANN ARBOR · PI ZHOU, WEIBIN · 2011 to 2012
$178k
NEI NIH HHS EY07042NEI NIH HHS R01 EY007042NEI NIH HHS R01 EY013408NIDDK NIH HHS DK076683NIDDK NIH HHS DK086542NIDDK NIH HHS DK090917NIDDK NIH HHS DK091405NIDDK NIH HHS K99 DK091405NIDDK NIH HHS R00 DK091405NIDDK NIH HHS R01 DK076683NIDDK NIH HHS RC1 DK086542NIDDK NIH HHS RC4 DK090917
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Nephrotic syndrome (NS) is a genetically heterogeneous group of diseases that are divided into steroid-sensitive NS (SSNS) and steroid-resistant NS (SRNS). SRNS inevitably leads to end-stage kidney disease, and no curative treatment is available. To date, mutations in more than 24 genes have been described in Mendelian forms of SRNS; however, no Mendelian form of SSNS has been described. To identify a genetic form of SSNS, we performed homozygosity mapping, whole-exome sequencing, and multiplex PCR followed by next-generation sequencing. We thereby detected biallelic mutations in EMP2 (epithelial membrane protein 2) in four individuals from three unrelated families affected by SRNS or SSNS. We showed that EMP2 exclusively localized to glomeruli in the kidney. Knockdown of emp2 in zebrafish resulted in pericardial effusion, supporting the pathogenic role of mutated EMP2 in human NS. At the cellular level, we showed that knockdown of EMP2 in podocytes and endothelial cells resulted in an increased amount of CAVEOLIN-1 and decreased cell proliferation. Our data therefore identify EMP2 mutations as causing a recessive Mendelian form of SSNS.

Indexed as

MutationAllelesAnimalsCaveolin 1Cell ProliferationChild, PreschoolChromosome MappingEndothelial CellsGene Expression RegulationGenetic LociHomozygoteHumansInfantKidneyKidney Failure, ChronicMembrane GlycoproteinsCaveolin 1EMP2 protein, humanMembrane Glycoproteins

Identifiers

PMID24814193
PMCPMC4121470
OpenAlexW2033461775

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.