ArticleCell reports2014
Single-cell RNA sequencing reveals T helper cells synthesizing steroids de novo to contribute to immune homeostasis.
Article in Cell reports, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 139 papers.
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Who cites it
139 citing papers in PubMed, 228 citations in OpenAlex.
- A cell-intrinsic glucocorticoid biosynthesis and sensing circuit maintains a homeostatic Th17 cell state.Immunity · 2026Article
- Cortisol-resistant CAR-NK cells overcome steroid-induced immunosuppression in lung cancer.Signal transduction and targeted therapy · 2026Article
- Opportunities for RNA sequencing in physiology: from big data to understanding homeostasis and heterogeneity.Function (Oxford, England) · 2026Review
- The Immune Biology of the Adrenal Gland Microenvironment and Its Role in Metastatic Progression.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Combined Single-Cell Measurement of Cytokine mRNA and Protein in Immune Cells.Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.) · 2026Article
- Serum steroid metabolome pattern is associated with the response to prednisolone therapy of male patients with IgA nephropathy.Renal failure · 2025Article
- SCREAM: Single-cell Clustering using Representation Autoencoder of Multiomics.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- The human placenta and its role in reproductive outcomes revisited.Physiological reviews · 2025Review
- Steroid hormones as modulators of anti-tumoural immunity.Nature reviews. Endocrinology · 2025Review
- Drug repurposing reveals posaconazole as a CYP11A1 inhibitor enhancing anti-tumor immunity.iScience · 2025Article
- Perturbing local steroidogenesis to improve breast cancer immunity.Nature communications · 2025Article
- Lung Immune Cell Niches and the Discovery of New Cell Subtypes.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2024Review
- Mouse testicular macrophages can independently produce testosterone and are regulated by Cebpb.Biological research · 2024Article
- GGTLC1 knockdown inhibits the progression of endometrial cancer by regulating the TGF-β/Smad signaling pathway.Heliyon · 2024Article
- A distinct "repair" role of regulatory T cells in fracture healing.Frontiers of medicine · 2024Article
- Single-Cell RNA Sequencing in Organ and Cell Transplantation.Biosensors · 2024Review
- De novo steroidogenesis in tumor cells drives bone metastasis and osteoclastogenesis.Cell reports · 2024Article
- Pregnenolone sulfate induces transcriptional and immunoregulatory effects on T cells.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Toxicity in the era of immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Review
- Augmenting regulatory T cells: new therapeutic strategy for rheumatoid arthritis.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Review
79 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
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Authors and funding
13 authors at 7 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
T helper 2 (Th2) cells regulate helminth infections, allergic disorders, tumor immunity, and pregnancy by secreting various cytokines. It is likely that there are undiscovered Th2 signaling molecules. Although steroids are known to be immunoregulators, de novo steroid production from immune cells has not been previously characterized. Here, we demonstrate production of the steroid pregnenolone by Th2 cells in vitro and in vivo in a helminth infection model. Single-cell RNA sequencing and quantitative PCR analysis suggest that pregnenolone synthesis in Th2 cells is related to immunosuppression. In support of this, we show that pregnenolone inhibits Th cell proliferation and B cell immunoglobulin class switching. We also show that steroidogenic Th2 cells inhibit Th cell proliferation in a Cyp11a1 enzyme-dependent manner. We propose pregnenolone as a "lymphosteroid," a steroid produced by lymphocytes. We speculate that this de novo steroid production may be an intrinsic phenomenon of Th2-mediated immune responses to actively restore immune homeostasis.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.