Evidence map›Paper›PMID 2481227›Full record

ArticleMolecular and cellular biology1989

Enhancer and silencerlike sites within the transcribed portion of a Ty2 transposable element of Saccharomyces cerevisiae.

P Farabaugh, X B Liao, M Belcourt, H Zhao, J Kapakos, J Clare

Open access · greenAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Molecular and cellular biology, 1989. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 27 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
27citing papers in PubMed
0.8field-weighted citation impact, top 29% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

27 citing papers in PubMed, 36 citations in OpenAlex.

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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.

P FarabaughDepartment of Biological Sciences, University of Maryland, Baltimore County, Catonsville 21228.
X B Liao
M Belcourt
H Zhao
J Kapakos
J Clare
UConn Health · USUniversity of Maryland, Baltimore County · US

Funding

The genetics of ribosomal reading frame maintenanceR01GM029480 · NIGMS · UNIVERSITY OF MARYLAND BALTIMORE COUNTY · PI FARABAUGH, PHILIP JAMES · 1985 to 2010
$2.7M
Molecular genetics of translational accuracyR56GM029480 · NIGMS · UNIVERSITY OF MARYLAND BALTIMORE COUNTY · PI FARABAUGH, PHILIP JAMES · 2007 to 2007
$323k
NIGMS NIH HHS GM-29480
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The Ty2-917 element is a member of the Ty2 class of retroviruslike transposable elements of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. We showed that regions downstream of the Ty2-917 transcription start site modulate its transcription. One region was located downstream of the transcription initiation site (position 240) and within the first 559 base pairs of the element. This region had a dramatic effect, causing an approximately 1,000-fold increase in steady-state levels of RNA. The region stimulated transcription when placed in either orientation upstream of a heterologous gene, HIS4, lacking its own upstream activation sequence (UAS). We termed this positively acting region an enhancer, by analogy to sites described in higher cells, to distinguish it from yeast UASs which do not function when placed within the transcribed portion of the gene. Though, like some higher eucaryotic enhancers, the Ty2-917 enhancer is located within the transcribed region, it is unlike them in that it occurs within a coding region rather than in an intron. The Ty2-917 enhancer and the Ty2-917 UAS had a synergistic effect on transcription, together stimulating transcription 15-fold over the predicted additive effect. We also identified a site which decreases RNA accumulation, located about 750 base pairs into the element. This site functioned in only one orientation when inserted upstream of the UAS-less heterologous gene. The site was similar to silencers, or negative enhancers, in that it acted to repress transcription from outside the transcribed region, but was distinct in that the function of a canonical silencer was independent of orientation.

Indexed as

DNA Transposable ElementsEnhancer Elements, GeneticGenes, RegulatorTranscription, GeneticBase SequenceDNA Mutational AnalysisExonsGene Expression Regulation, FungalGenes, FungalPlasmidsPromoter Regions, GeneticRestriction MappingRNASaccharomyces cerevisiaeTransformation, GeneticDNA Transposable ElementsRNA

Identifiers

PMID2481227
PMCPMC363632
OpenAlexW1775123798

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.