SynthesisAmerican journal of epidemiology2014
Suicide mortality in relation to dietary intake of n-3 and n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids and fish: equivocal findings from 3 large US cohort studies.
Synthesis in American journal of epidemiology, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
13 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 48 citations in OpenAlex.
- Unsaturated Fatty Acids in Mental Disorders: An Umbrella Review of Meta-Analyses.Advances in nutrition (Bethesda, Md.) · 2022Pooled it
- ω-3 Fatty Acids in Pediatric Major Depressive Disorder: A Randomized Clinical Trial.JAMA network open · 2026Trial
- Neurobehavioral Effects of Consuming Dietary Fatty Acids.Biological research for nursing · 2016Trial
- Low 5HTJournal of neurochemistry · 2026Review
- The association between plasma omega-3 fatty acids and suicidal ideation/self-harm in the United Kingdom Biobank.Lipids in health and disease · 2025Observational
- Association between plasma polyunsaturated fatty acids and depressive among US adults.Frontiers in nutrition · 2024Article
- Soy product consumption and the risk of major depressive disorder in older adults: Evidence from a cohort study.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2022Article
- Naturally absorbed lithium may prevent suicide attempts and deliberate self-harm while eicosapentaenoic acid may prevent deliberate self-harm and arachidonic acid may be a risk factor for deliberate self-harm: The updated different findings in new analyses.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2022Article
- Lipids and Suicide Risk.Current topics in behavioral neurosciences · 2020Article
- Role of Omega-3 Fatty Acids in the Etiology, Treatment, and Prevention of Depression: Current Status and Future Directions.Journal of nutrition & intermediary metabolism · 2016Article
- Detection and treatment of omega-3 fatty acid deficiency in psychiatric practice: Rationale and implementation.Lipids in health and disease · 2016Review
- Plasma linoleic acid partially mediates the association of bipolar disorder on self-reported mental health scales.Journal of psychiatric research · 2015Article
- Markers of Oxidative Stress and Neuroprogression in Depression Disorder.Oxidative medicine and cellular longevity · 2015Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Intake of n-3 and n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) has been implicated in the pathogenesis of depression. We sought to estimate the association between intake of fish and n-3 and n-6 PUFAs and suicide mortality over the course of long-term follow-up. In this prospective cohort study, biennial questionnaires were administered to 42,290 men enrolled in the Health Professionals Follow-up Study (1988-2008), 72,231 women enrolled in the Nurses' Health Study (1986-2008), and 90,836 women enrolled in Nurses' Health Study II (1993-2007). Dietary fish and n-3 and n-6 PUFA intakes were assessed every 4 years using a validated food-frequency questionnaire. Suicide mortality was ascertained through blind physician review of death certificates and hospital or pathology reports. Adjusted relative risks of suicide mortality were estimated with multivariable Cox proportional hazards models and pooled across cohorts using random-effects meta-analysis. The pooled multivariable relative risks for suicide among persons in the highest quartile of intake of n-3 or n-6 PUFAs, relative to the lowest quartile, ranged from 1.08 to 1.46 for n-3 PUFAs (Ptrend = 0.11-0.52) and from 0.68 to 1.19 for n-6 PUFAs (Ptrend = 0.09-0.54). We did not find evidence that intake of n-3 PUFAs or fish lowered the risk of completed suicide.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.