Trial reportJournal of child psychology and psychiatry, and allied disciplines2014
Development of children at risk for adverse outcomes participating in early intervention in developing countries: a randomized controlled trial.
Trial report in Journal of child psychology and psychiatry, and allied disciplines, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 30 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
30 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Post-Asphyxial Aftercare and Management of Neonates in Low- and Middle-Income Countries: A Systematic Evidence Synthesis.Neonatology · 2025Pooled it
- Parenting interventions to promote early child development in the first three years of life: A global systematic review and meta-analysis.PLoS medicine · 2021Pooled it
- The effect of ECD program on the caregiver's parenting knowledge, attitudes, and practices: based on a cluster-randomized controlled trial in economically vulnerable areas of China.BMC public health · 2022Trial
- Antenatal depressed mood and child cognitive and physical growth at 18-months in South Africa: a cluster randomised controlled trial of home visiting by community health workers.Epidemiology and psychiatric sciences · 2018Trial
- Effects of home-based play-assisted stimulation on developmental performances of children living in extreme poverty: a randomized single-blind controlled trial.BMC pediatrics · 2018Trial
- Home-Based Early Intervention and the Influence of Family Resources on Cognitive Development.Pediatrics · 2016Trial
- Randomized controlled trial of a home-visiting intervention on infant cognitive development in peri-urban South Africa.Developmental medicine and child neurology · 2016Trial
- Closing Developmental Gaps: Effectiveness of Community-Based Early Intervention for Young Children with Developmental Delays.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- An empirical analysis of the impact of early educational interventions before age three on cognitive development.Frontiers in psychology · 2026Article
- Effectiveness of interventions for improving educational outcomes for people with disabilities in low- and middle-income countries: A systematic review.Campbell systematic reviews · 2025Review
- Article
- Neurodevelopmental Outcome at 6 Months Following Neonatal Resuscitation in Rural Tanzania.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Promoting Caregiver Early Childhood Development Behaviors through Social and Behavioral Change Communication Program in Tanzania.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Article
- Surviving and Thriving: Early Intervention for Neonatal Survivors With Developmental Disability in Uganda.Infants and young children · 2021Article
- High Burden of Undernutrition among At-Risk Children in Neonatal Follow-Up Clinic in Rwanda.Annals of global health · 2020Article
- Comparing Two Early Child Development Assessment Tools in Rural Limpopo, South Africa.BMC pediatrics · 2020Article
- Evidence and gap map of studies assessing the effectiveness of interventions for people with disabilities in low-and middle-income countries.Campbell systematic reviews · 2020Article
- Early Intervention for Children at High Risk of Developmental Disability in Low- and Middle-Income Countries: A Narrative Review.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2019Review
- Global Maternal and Child Health:: A Research Partnership's Approach for Addressing Challenges and Reducing Health Disparities in Developing Countries.Delaware journal of public health · 2018Article
- Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundPrevious research has indicated positive effects of early developmental intervention (EDI) on the development of children in developing countries. Few studies, however, have examined longitudinally when differential treatment effects may be observed and whether differential outcomes are associated with exposure to different risk factors and country of implementation. Also, birth asphyxia as a risk condition has not been well studied. To address these limitations, we conducted a randomized controlled trial to test the hypothesis that there will be differential developmental trajectories favoring those who receive EDI versus a health education intervention in children in rural areas of India, Pakistan, and Zambia.
methodsChildren with and without birth asphyxia were randomized to EDI or control intervention, which was implemented by parents who received training in biweekly home visits initiated before child age 1 month and continuing until 36 months. Development was assessed in 376 children at ages 12, 24, and 36 months using the Bayley Scales of Infant Development and Ages & Stages Questionnaire administered by evaluators blind to intervention assignment and risk condition.
resultsLongitudinal mixed model analysis indicated that EDI resulted in better development over 36 months in cognitive abilities, regardless of risk condition, maternal resources, child gender, or country. Psychomotor development and parent-reported general development showed similar trends as for cognitive abilities, but were not statistically different between intervention conditions. Developmental differences were observed first at 36 months of age.
conclusionEarly developmental intervention has promise for improving development in children across developing countries when exposed to various risk conditions. EDI should be one prominent approach used to begin to address long-term outcomes and intergenerational transmission of poverty.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.