ArticlePituitary2015
Incidence of Cushing's syndrome and Cushing's disease in commercially-insured patients <65 years old in the United States.
Article in Pituitary, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 50 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
50 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 90 citations in OpenAlex.
- Who and how to screen for Cushing's syndrome: the position statement of the Italian Society of Endocrinology.Journal of endocrinological investigation · 2026Guideline
- Global Cushing's disease epidemiology: a systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies.Journal of endocrinological investigation · 2022Pooled it
- Circadian clock disruption impairs immune oscillation in chronic endogenous hypercortisolism: a multi-level analysis from a multicentre clinical trial.EBioMedicine · 2024Trial
- Potential mechanisms of the glucocorticoid withdrawal syndrome.European journal of endocrinology · 2026Review
- Article
- Using the PET/CT radiotracer [Communications medicine · 2025Article
- Genetic evaluation of pediatric pituitary adenomas and USP8-related genotype-phenotype correlations in Cushing's disease.Pituitary · 2025Article
- Matching-Adjusted Indirect Comparison of Osilodrostat Versus Metyrapone for the Treatment of Cushing's Syndrome.Advances in therapy · 2025Article
- Histopathological Types, Clinical Presentation, Imaging Studies, Treatment Strategies, and Prognosis of Posterior Pituitary Tumors: An Updated Review.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Review
- Osilodrostat Safety Profile: Findings from Real-World Data in the FAERS Database.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Article
- The evolution of AKAPs and emergence of PKA isotype selective anchoring determinants.The Journal of biological chemistry · 2025Article
- Hypertension Management in Women With a Multidisciplinary Approach.Mayo Clinic proceedings · 2025Review
- Cushing syndrome.Nature reviews. Disease primers · 2025Review
- Surgical Treatment of Cushing's Disease: The Lessons Learned.Advances and technical standards in neurosurgery · 2025Review
- Incidence of non-cardia gastric cancer among commercially-insured individuals aged 18-64 with chronic atrophic gastritis.PloS one · 2025Article
- Protein kinase A and local signaling in cancer.The Biochemical journal · 2024Review
- For the Forthcoming Winning Shot in the Battle against Cushing Disease.Endocrinology and metabolism (Seoul, Korea) · 2024Article
- Cushing's Disease May Have Higher Incidence than Previously Thought: A Nationwide Study in Iceland 2010-2019.Neuroendocrinology · 2024Article
- Paediatric Cushing syndrome: a prospective, multisite, observational cohort study.The Lancet. Child & adolescent health · 2024Observational
- Comparative Analysis of Cognitive and Psychiatric Functioning in People With Cushing's Disease in Biochemical Remission and People With Nonfunctioning Adenomas.Behavioural neurology · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
purposeTo estimate the incidence of Cushing's syndrome (CS) and Cushing's disease (CD) in the US.
methodsMarketScan Commercial database 2007-2010 (age <65 years) was used. CS patients were defined with ≥2 claims of CS diagnosis, while CD patients were defined with CS plus a benign pituitary adenoma diagnosis or hypophysectomy in the same calendar year. Annual incidence was calculated by dividing the number of CS or CD cases by the total number of members with the same enrollment requirement during the calendar years.
resultsCS incidence rates per million person-years were 48.6 in 2009 and 39.5 in 2010. The lowest rates of CS were in ≤17-year-olds and highest rates were in 35 to 44-year-olds. CD incidence rates were 7.6 in 2009 and 6.2 in 2010. The lowest rates of CD were in ≤17-year-olds and highest rates were in 18 to 24-year-olds. The rates varied by sex (2.3-2.7 in males, 9.8-12.1 in females). In females, lowest rates ranged 2.5-4.0 in ≤17-year-olds and highest 16.7-27.2 in 18-24 year olds. In males, there were too few cases to report estimates by age.
conclusionsIn the first large US-based study, the annual incidence of CS in individuals <65 years old was nearly 49 cases per million, substantially higher than previous estimates, which were based primarily on European data. Using similar methods, we estimated the incidence of CD at nearly 8 cases per million US population. These estimates, if confirmed in other epidemiologic databases, represent a new data reference in these rare conditions.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.