ArticleImmunology2014
Anti-Toll-like receptor 2 and 4 antibodies suppress inflammatory response in mice.
Article in Immunology, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 17 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
17 citing papers in PubMed, 25 citations in OpenAlex.
- New insights into the life cycle, host cell tropism, and infection amplification ofInfection and immunity · 2025Review
- ExploitingCells · 2024Article
- Persistent DNA damage and oncogenic stress-induced Trem1 promotes leukemia in mice.Haematologica · 2022Article
- Leishmania major Strain-Dependent Macrophage Activation Contributes to Pathogenicity in the Absence of Lymphocytes.Microbiology spectrum · 2022Article
- Immune Responses in Leishmaniasis: An Overview.Tropical medicine and infectious disease · 2022Review
- The Damage-Associated Molecular Patterns (DAMPs) as Potential Targets to Treat Osteoarthritis: Perspectives From a Review of the Literature.Frontiers in medicine · 2020Review
- TLR2 Signaling in Skin Nonhematopoietic Cells Induces Early Neutrophil Recruitment in Response to Leishmania major Infection.The Journal of investigative dermatology · 2019Article
- miR-221-3p Drives the Shift of M2-Macrophages to a Pro-Inflammatory Function by Suppressing JAK3/STAT3 Activation.Frontiers in immunology · 2019Article
- Molecular Aspects of Dendritic Cell Activation in Leishmaniasis: An Immunobiological View.Frontiers in immunology · 2019Review
- Transforming growth factor-β signaling in systemic sclerosis.Journal of biomedical research · 2018Article
- Aberrant intestinal microbiota due to IL-1 receptor antagonist deficiency promotes IL-17- and TLR4-dependent arthritis.Microbiome · 2017Article
- Dendritic cells and parasites: from recognition and activation to immune response instruction.Seminars in immunopathology · 2017Review
- Associations between Viral Infection History Symptoms, Granulocyte Reactive Oxygen Species Activity, and Active Rheumatoid Arthritis Disease in Untreated Women at Onset: Results from a Longitudinal Cohort Study of Tatarstan Women.Frontiers in immunology · 2017Article
- Toll-Like Receptor 2 Is Required for Inflammatory Process Development duringFrontiers in microbiology · 2017Article
- A specific anti-citrullinated protein antibody profile identifies a group of rheumatoid arthritis patients with a toll-like receptor 4-mediated disease.Arthritis research & therapy · 2016Article
- Dendritic Cells and Leishmania Infection: Adding Layers of Complexity to a Complex Disease.Journal of immunology research · 2016Review
- Various forms of tissue damage and danger signals following hematopoietic stem-cell transplantation.Frontiers in immunology · 2015Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Toll-like receptors (TLRs) 2 and 4 recognize different endogenous and exogenous agonists and play a distinct role in infection and inflammation. However, their ultimate effect in a given infectious and inflammatory disease is less understood. We produced polyclonal anti-murine TLR2 and TLR4 antibodies and investigated their effect on cutaneous leishmaniasis and inflammatory arthritis. Administration of these antibodies to susceptible BALB/c mice, infected in the footpad with Leishmania major, reduced footpad swelling but not the parasite load compared with mice treated with control IgG. The antibodies synergistically reduced leishmanial-specific T-cell proliferation, T helper type 1 and type 2 cytokine production, specific IgG1 and IgG2a antibody synthesis, and T-cell receptor and co-stimulatory molecule expression on dendritic cells in infected mice. We then tested the effect of these antibodies on collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) in DBA/1 mice, a classic model of chronic inflammation. Both antibodies markedly suppressed the development of clinical parameters with concomitant reduction of pro-inflammatory cytokine production. These data therefore suggest that anti-TLR2 and 4 antibodies may have a synergistic therapeutic effect on inflammatory disease in vivo.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.