ArticleJournal of oral & maxillofacial research2014
Factors Affecting the Formation, Severity and Location of White Spot Lesions during Orthodontic Treatment with Fixed Appliances.
Article in Journal of oral & maxillofacial research, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 50 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
50 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 108 citations in OpenAlex.
- Distribution of initial caries lesions in relation to fixed orthodontic therapy. A systematic review and meta-analysis.European journal of orthodontics · 2024Pooled it
- Changes in the Color and Brightness of White Spots Associated with Orthodontic Treatment 6 Months after the Application of Infiltrative Resins: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Pooled it
- The Effect of Bioactive Glass-Enhanced Orthodontic Bonding Resins on Prevention of Demineralization: A Systematic Review.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2020Pooled it
- The efficacy of manual toothbrushes in patients with fixed orthodontic appliances: a randomized clinical trial.BMC oral health · 2023Trial
- Effects of adhesive flash-free brackets on enamel demineralization and periodontal status.The Angle orthodontist · 2020Trial
- Effects of micro-osteoperforations on intraoral miniscrew anchored maxillary molar distalization : A randomized clinical trial.Journal of orofacial orthopedics = Fortschritte der Kieferorthopadie : Organ/official journal Deutsche Gesellschaft fur Kieferorthopadie · 2020Trial
- Microbial species associated with dental caries found in saliva and in situ after use of self-ligating and conventional brackets.Journal of applied oral science : revista FOB · 2019Trial
- Incidence and distribution of white spot lesions after clear aligner versus fixed appliance therapy : A retrospective digital photograph and intraoral scan analysis.Journal of orofacial orthopedics = Fortschritte der Kieferorthopadie : Organ/official journal Deutsche Gesellschaft fur Kieferorthopadie · 2026Article
- Association between 6-n-propylthiouracil taste phenotypes and the development of initial caries lesions during fixed orthodontic treatment : A prospective cohort study.Journal of orofacial orthopedics = Fortschritte der Kieferorthopadie : Organ/official journal Deutsche Gesellschaft fur Kieferorthopadie · 2026Article
- Biofilm volume and acidification within initial biofilms formed in situ on buccally and palatally exposed bracket material.Journal of orofacial orthopedics = Fortschritte der Kieferorthopadie : Organ/official journal Deutsche Gesellschaft fur Kieferorthopadie · 2025Article
- Quality of orthodontic care in an academic setting in the Middle East.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- The Influence of Resin Infiltration on the Shear Bond Strength of Orthodontic Brackets: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Journal of functional biomaterials · 2025Review
- Dynamic effects of fixed orthodontic treatment on oral health and oral microbiota: a prospective study.BMC oral health · 2024Article
- Color Masking Ability of Guided Enamel Regeneration with a Novel Self-Assembling Peptide and Resin Infiltration on Artificial Enamel Lesions Under Various Challenges: An In Vitro Spectrophotometric Analysis.Biomimetics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Factors Related to Bracket Bond Failure during Orthodontic Treatment: A Single-Centre Single-Operator Study.Dentistry journal · 2024Article
- Does orthodontic treatment using fixed appliances cause initial caries lesions?Evidence-based dentistry · 2024Article
- White Spot Lesions in Fixed Orthodontics: A Literature Review on Etiology, Prevention, and Treatment.Cureus · 2024Review
- Shear Bond Strength of Orthodontic Brackets Bonded with Thermo-Cured Glass-Based Materials-An In Vitro Study.Materials (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Caries and white spot lesion trajectories of orthodontic patients across an observation period of 20 years.Clinical oral investigations · 2024Article
- Effect of patients' attitude and perception of oral hygiene on white spot lesion development and plaque accumulation during orthodontic treatment : A survey of patients with fixed appliances.Journal of orofacial orthopedics = Fortschritte der Kieferorthopadie : Organ/official journal Deutsche Gesellschaft fur Kieferorthopadie · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
1 author at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectivesThe purpose of the present study was to investigate factors affecting the formation, severity and location of white spot lesions in patients completing fixed appliance therapy. MATERIAL AND
methodsA total of 45 patients (19 males and 26 females, mean age 15.81 years, standard deviation 2.89 years) attending consecutively Aberdeen Dental Hospital (ADH) between January and June 2013 to have their fixed appliances removed were given a questionnaire to elicit information regarding their dental care and diet. They were then examined clinically as well as their pre-treatment photographs to record treatment data and white spot lesion (WSL) location and severity using a modified version of Universal Visual Scale for Smooth Surfaces (UniViSS Smooth). Absolute risk (AR) and risk ratios (RR) were also calculated.
resultsThe incidence of at least one WSL observed in patients was 42%, with males displaying a higher incidence than females. The highest incidence of WSLs was recorded on the maxillary canines and lateral incisors, and on the maxillary and mandibular premolars and first molars. The gingival areas of the maxillary and mandibular teeth were the most affected surfaces. Significant (P < 0.05) relationships were found between the presence of WSLs and the following factors: poor oral hygiene (OH), males, increased treatment length, lack of use of fluoride supplements, use of carbonated soft drinks and/or fruit juices and the use of sugary foods. Poor OH posed the highest risk of developing WSL (RR = 8.55).
conclusions42% of patients have developed white spot lesions during fixed appliance therapy. Various contributing risk factors were identified with the greatest risk posed by a poor oral hygiene.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.