Evidence map›Paper›PMID 24799467›Full record

Trial reportJournal of clinical oncology : official journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology2014

Active idiotypic vaccination versus control immunotherapy for follicular lymphoma.

Ronald Levy, Kristen N Ganjoo, John P Leonard, Julie M Vose, Ian W Flinn, Richard F Ambinder, Joseph M Connors, Neil L Berinstein, Andrew R Belch, Nancy L Bartlett and 16 more

Open access · bronzeAbstract readClinical Trial, Phase IIIMulticenter StudyRandomized Controlled Trial
In one paragraph

Trial report in Journal of clinical oncology : official journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 44 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
44citing papers in PubMed
5.1field-weighted citation impact, top 4% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

44 citing papers in PubMed, 85 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Trial
  2. Trial
  3. Review
  4. Article
  5. Article
  6. Article
  7. Therapeutic Vaccines for Follicular Lymphoma: A Systematic Review.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024
    Review
  8. Review
  9. Article
  10. Review
  11. Review
  12. Review
  13. Article
  14. Article
  15. Review
  16. Review
  17. Review
  18. Article
  19. Review
  20. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

26 authors at 5 institutions in 2 countries.

Ronald LevyRonald Levy, Andrew J. Gentles, Chih Long Liu, Robert Tibshirani, and Ash A. Alizadeh, Stanford University Medical Center, Palo Alto; Christos E. Emmanouilides and John M. Timmerman, University of California Los Angeles Medical Center, Los Angeles; Lori A. Kunkel, Diane E. Ingolia, and Dan W. Denney Jr, Genitope, Fremont, CA; Kristen N. Ganjoo and Michael J. Robertson, Indiana University Medical Center, Indianapolis, IN; John P. Leonard, Weill Medical College of Cornell University, New York, NY; Julie M. Vose, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE; Ian W. Flinn and Richard F. Ambinder, Johns Hopkins University Oncology Center, Baltimore, MD; Joseph M. Connors, British Columbia Cancer Agency Centre for Lymphoid Cancer, Vancouver, British Columbia; Neil L. Berinstein, Toronto-Sunnybrook Regional Cancer Centre, Toronto, Ontario; Andrew R. Belch, Cross Cancer Institute, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada; Nancy L. Bartlett, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO; Craig Nichols, Oregon Health Science University, Portland, OR; Stephanie A. Gregory, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL; Brian K. Link, University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, Iowa City, IA; David J. Inwards, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Arnold S. Freedman, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA; and Jeffrey V. Matous, Rocky Mountain Cancer Centers, Denver, CO.
Kristen N GanjooRonald Levy, Andrew J. Gentles, Chih Long Liu, Robert Tibshirani, and Ash A. Alizadeh, Stanford University Medical Center, Palo Alto; Christos E. Emmanouilides and John M. Timmerman, University of California Los Angeles Medical Center, Los Angeles; Lori A. Kunkel, Diane E. Ingolia, and Dan W. Denney Jr, Genitope, Fremont, CA; Kristen N. Ganjoo and Michael J. Robertson, Indiana University Medical Center, Indianapolis, IN; John P. Leonard, Weill Medical College of Cornell University, New York, NY; Julie M. Vose, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE; Ian W. Flinn and Richard F. Ambinder, Johns Hopkins University Oncology Center, Baltimore, MD; Joseph M. Connors, British Columbia Cancer Agency Centre for Lymphoid Cancer, Vancouver, British Columbia; Neil L. Berinstein, Toronto-Sunnybrook Regional Cancer Centre, Toronto, Ontario; Andrew R. Belch, Cross Cancer Institute, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada; Nancy L. Bartlett, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO; Craig Nichols, Oregon Health Science University, Portland, OR; Stephanie A. Gregory, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL; Brian K. Link, University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, Iowa City, IA; David J. Inwards, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Arnold S. Freedman, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA; and Jeffrey V. Matous, Rocky Mountain Cancer Centers, Denver, CO.
John P LeonardRonald Levy, Andrew J. Gentles, Chih Long Liu, Robert Tibshirani, and Ash A. Alizadeh, Stanford University Medical Center, Palo Alto; Christos E. Emmanouilides and John M. Timmerman, University of California Los Angeles Medical Center, Los Angeles; Lori A. Kunkel, Diane E. Ingolia, and Dan W. Denney Jr, Genitope, Fremont, CA; Kristen N. Ganjoo and Michael J. Robertson, Indiana University Medical Center, Indianapolis, IN; John P. Leonard, Weill Medical College of Cornell University, New York, NY; Julie M. Vose, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE; Ian W. Flinn and Richard F. Ambinder, Johns Hopkins University Oncology Center, Baltimore, MD; Joseph M. Connors, British Columbia Cancer Agency Centre for Lymphoid Cancer, Vancouver, British Columbia; Neil L. Berinstein, Toronto-Sunnybrook Regional Cancer Centre, Toronto, Ontario; Andrew R. Belch, Cross Cancer Institute, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada; Nancy L. Bartlett, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO; Craig Nichols, Oregon Health Science University, Portland, OR; Stephanie A. Gregory, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL; Brian K. Link, University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, Iowa City, IA; David J. Inwards, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Arnold S. Freedman, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA; and Jeffrey V. Matous, Rocky Mountain Cancer Centers, Denver, CO.
Julie M VoseRonald Levy, Andrew J. Gentles, Chih Long Liu, Robert Tibshirani, and Ash A. Alizadeh, Stanford University Medical Center, Palo Alto; Christos E. Emmanouilides and John M. Timmerman, University of California Los Angeles Medical Center, Los Angeles; Lori A. Kunkel, Diane E. Ingolia, and Dan W. Denney Jr, Genitope, Fremont, CA; Kristen N. Ganjoo and Michael J. Robertson, Indiana University Medical Center, Indianapolis, IN; John P. Leonard, Weill Medical College of Cornell University, New York, NY; Julie M. Vose, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE; Ian W. Flinn and Richard F. Ambinder, Johns Hopkins University Oncology Center, Baltimore, MD; Joseph M. Connors, British Columbia Cancer Agency Centre for Lymphoid Cancer, Vancouver, British Columbia; Neil L. Berinstein, Toronto-Sunnybrook Regional Cancer Centre, Toronto, Ontario; Andrew R. Belch, Cross Cancer Institute, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada; Nancy L. Bartlett, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO; Craig Nichols, Oregon Health Science University, Portland, OR; Stephanie A. Gregory, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL; Brian K. Link, University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, Iowa City, IA; David J. Inwards, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Arnold S. Freedman, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA; and Jeffrey V. Matous, Rocky Mountain Cancer Centers, Denver, CO.
Ian W FlinnRonald Levy, Andrew J. Gentles, Chih Long Liu, Robert Tibshirani, and Ash A. Alizadeh, Stanford University Medical Center, Palo Alto; Christos E. Emmanouilides and John M. Timmerman, University of California Los Angeles Medical Center, Los Angeles; Lori A. Kunkel, Diane E. Ingolia, and Dan W. Denney Jr, Genitope, Fremont, CA; Kristen N. Ganjoo and Michael J. Robertson, Indiana University Medical Center, Indianapolis, IN; John P. Leonard, Weill Medical College of Cornell University, New York, NY; Julie M. Vose, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE; Ian W. Flinn and Richard F. Ambinder, Johns Hopkins University Oncology Center, Baltimore, MD; Joseph M. Connors, British Columbia Cancer Agency Centre for Lymphoid Cancer, Vancouver, British Columbia; Neil L. Berinstein, Toronto-Sunnybrook Regional Cancer Centre, Toronto, Ontario; Andrew R. Belch, Cross Cancer Institute, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada; Nancy L. Bartlett, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO; Craig Nichols, Oregon Health Science University, Portland, OR; Stephanie A. Gregory, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL; Brian K. Link, University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, Iowa City, IA; David J. Inwards, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Arnold S. Freedman, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA; and Jeffrey V. Matous, Rocky Mountain Cancer Centers, Denver, CO.
Richard F AmbinderRonald Levy, Andrew J. Gentles, Chih Long Liu, Robert Tibshirani, and Ash A. Alizadeh, Stanford University Medical Center, Palo Alto; Christos E. Emmanouilides and John M. Timmerman, University of California Los Angeles Medical Center, Los Angeles; Lori A. Kunkel, Diane E. Ingolia, and Dan W. Denney Jr, Genitope, Fremont, CA; Kristen N. Ganjoo and Michael J. Robertson, Indiana University Medical Center, Indianapolis, IN; John P. Leonard, Weill Medical College of Cornell University, New York, NY; Julie M. Vose, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE; Ian W. Flinn and Richard F. Ambinder, Johns Hopkins University Oncology Center, Baltimore, MD; Joseph M. Connors, British Columbia Cancer Agency Centre for Lymphoid Cancer, Vancouver, British Columbia; Neil L. Berinstein, Toronto-Sunnybrook Regional Cancer Centre, Toronto, Ontario; Andrew R. Belch, Cross Cancer Institute, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada; Nancy L. Bartlett, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO; Craig Nichols, Oregon Health Science University, Portland, OR; Stephanie A. Gregory, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL; Brian K. Link, University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, Iowa City, IA; David J. Inwards, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Arnold S. Freedman, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA; and Jeffrey V. Matous, Rocky Mountain Cancer Centers, Denver, CO.
Joseph M ConnorsRonald Levy, Andrew J. Gentles, Chih Long Liu, Robert Tibshirani, and Ash A. Alizadeh, Stanford University Medical Center, Palo Alto; Christos E. Emmanouilides and John M. Timmerman, University of California Los Angeles Medical Center, Los Angeles; Lori A. Kunkel, Diane E. Ingolia, and Dan W. Denney Jr, Genitope, Fremont, CA; Kristen N. Ganjoo and Michael J. Robertson, Indiana University Medical Center, Indianapolis, IN; John P. Leonard, Weill Medical College of Cornell University, New York, NY; Julie M. Vose, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE; Ian W. Flinn and Richard F. Ambinder, Johns Hopkins University Oncology Center, Baltimore, MD; Joseph M. Connors, British Columbia Cancer Agency Centre for Lymphoid Cancer, Vancouver, British Columbia; Neil L. Berinstein, Toronto-Sunnybrook Regional Cancer Centre, Toronto, Ontario; Andrew R. Belch, Cross Cancer Institute, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada; Nancy L. Bartlett, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO; Craig Nichols, Oregon Health Science University, Portland, OR; Stephanie A. Gregory, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL; Brian K. Link, University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, Iowa City, IA; David J. Inwards, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Arnold S. Freedman, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA; and Jeffrey V. Matous, Rocky Mountain Cancer Centers, Denver, CO.
Neil L BerinsteinRonald Levy, Andrew J. Gentles, Chih Long Liu, Robert Tibshirani, and Ash A. Alizadeh, Stanford University Medical Center, Palo Alto; Christos E. Emmanouilides and John M. Timmerman, University of California Los Angeles Medical Center, Los Angeles; Lori A. Kunkel, Diane E. Ingolia, and Dan W. Denney Jr, Genitope, Fremont, CA; Kristen N. Ganjoo and Michael J. Robertson, Indiana University Medical Center, Indianapolis, IN; John P. Leonard, Weill Medical College of Cornell University, New York, NY; Julie M. Vose, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE; Ian W. Flinn and Richard F. Ambinder, Johns Hopkins University Oncology Center, Baltimore, MD; Joseph M. Connors, British Columbia Cancer Agency Centre for Lymphoid Cancer, Vancouver, British Columbia; Neil L. Berinstein, Toronto-Sunnybrook Regional Cancer Centre, Toronto, Ontario; Andrew R. Belch, Cross Cancer Institute, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada; Nancy L. Bartlett, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO; Craig Nichols, Oregon Health Science University, Portland, OR; Stephanie A. Gregory, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL; Brian K. Link, University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, Iowa City, IA; David J. Inwards, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Arnold S. Freedman, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA; and Jeffrey V. Matous, Rocky Mountain Cancer Centers, Denver, CO.
Andrew R BelchRonald Levy, Andrew J. Gentles, Chih Long Liu, Robert Tibshirani, and Ash A. Alizadeh, Stanford University Medical Center, Palo Alto; Christos E. Emmanouilides and John M. Timmerman, University of California Los Angeles Medical Center, Los Angeles; Lori A. Kunkel, Diane E. Ingolia, and Dan W. Denney Jr, Genitope, Fremont, CA; Kristen N. Ganjoo and Michael J. Robertson, Indiana University Medical Center, Indianapolis, IN; John P. Leonard, Weill Medical College of Cornell University, New York, NY; Julie M. Vose, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE; Ian W. Flinn and Richard F. Ambinder, Johns Hopkins University Oncology Center, Baltimore, MD; Joseph M. Connors, British Columbia Cancer Agency Centre for Lymphoid Cancer, Vancouver, British Columbia; Neil L. Berinstein, Toronto-Sunnybrook Regional Cancer Centre, Toronto, Ontario; Andrew R. Belch, Cross Cancer Institute, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada; Nancy L. Bartlett, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO; Craig Nichols, Oregon Health Science University, Portland, OR; Stephanie A. Gregory, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL; Brian K. Link, University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, Iowa City, IA; David J. Inwards, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Arnold S. Freedman, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA; and Jeffrey V. Matous, Rocky Mountain Cancer Centers, Denver, CO.
Nancy L BartlettRonald Levy, Andrew J. Gentles, Chih Long Liu, Robert Tibshirani, and Ash A. Alizadeh, Stanford University Medical Center, Palo Alto; Christos E. Emmanouilides and John M. Timmerman, University of California Los Angeles Medical Center, Los Angeles; Lori A. Kunkel, Diane E. Ingolia, and Dan W. Denney Jr, Genitope, Fremont, CA; Kristen N. Ganjoo and Michael J. Robertson, Indiana University Medical Center, Indianapolis, IN; John P. Leonard, Weill Medical College of Cornell University, New York, NY; Julie M. Vose, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE; Ian W. Flinn and Richard F. Ambinder, Johns Hopkins University Oncology Center, Baltimore, MD; Joseph M. Connors, British Columbia Cancer Agency Centre for Lymphoid Cancer, Vancouver, British Columbia; Neil L. Berinstein, Toronto-Sunnybrook Regional Cancer Centre, Toronto, Ontario; Andrew R. Belch, Cross Cancer Institute, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada; Nancy L. Bartlett, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO; Craig Nichols, Oregon Health Science University, Portland, OR; Stephanie A. Gregory, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL; Brian K. Link, University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, Iowa City, IA; David J. Inwards, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Arnold S. Freedman, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA; and Jeffrey V. Matous, Rocky Mountain Cancer Centers, Denver, CO.
Craig NicholsRonald Levy, Andrew J. Gentles, Chih Long Liu, Robert Tibshirani, and Ash A. Alizadeh, Stanford University Medical Center, Palo Alto; Christos E. Emmanouilides and John M. Timmerman, University of California Los Angeles Medical Center, Los Angeles; Lori A. Kunkel, Diane E. Ingolia, and Dan W. Denney Jr, Genitope, Fremont, CA; Kristen N. Ganjoo and Michael J. Robertson, Indiana University Medical Center, Indianapolis, IN; John P. Leonard, Weill Medical College of Cornell University, New York, NY; Julie M. Vose, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE; Ian W. Flinn and Richard F. Ambinder, Johns Hopkins University Oncology Center, Baltimore, MD; Joseph M. Connors, British Columbia Cancer Agency Centre for Lymphoid Cancer, Vancouver, British Columbia; Neil L. Berinstein, Toronto-Sunnybrook Regional Cancer Centre, Toronto, Ontario; Andrew R. Belch, Cross Cancer Institute, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada; Nancy L. Bartlett, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO; Craig Nichols, Oregon Health Science University, Portland, OR; Stephanie A. Gregory, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL; Brian K. Link, University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, Iowa City, IA; David J. Inwards, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Arnold S. Freedman, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA; and Jeffrey V. Matous, Rocky Mountain Cancer Centers, Denver, CO.
Christos E EmmanouilidesRonald Levy, Andrew J. Gentles, Chih Long Liu, Robert Tibshirani, and Ash A. Alizadeh, Stanford University Medical Center, Palo Alto; Christos E. Emmanouilides and John M. Timmerman, University of California Los Angeles Medical Center, Los Angeles; Lori A. Kunkel, Diane E. Ingolia, and Dan W. Denney Jr, Genitope, Fremont, CA; Kristen N. Ganjoo and Michael J. Robertson, Indiana University Medical Center, Indianapolis, IN; John P. Leonard, Weill Medical College of Cornell University, New York, NY; Julie M. Vose, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE; Ian W. Flinn and Richard F. Ambinder, Johns Hopkins University Oncology Center, Baltimore, MD; Joseph M. Connors, British Columbia Cancer Agency Centre for Lymphoid Cancer, Vancouver, British Columbia; Neil L. Berinstein, Toronto-Sunnybrook Regional Cancer Centre, Toronto, Ontario; Andrew R. Belch, Cross Cancer Institute, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada; Nancy L. Bartlett, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO; Craig Nichols, Oregon Health Science University, Portland, OR; Stephanie A. Gregory, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL; Brian K. Link, University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, Iowa City, IA; David J. Inwards, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Arnold S. Freedman, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA; and Jeffrey V. Matous, Rocky Mountain Cancer Centers, Denver, CO.
John M TimmermanRonald Levy, Andrew J. Gentles, Chih Long Liu, Robert Tibshirani, and Ash A. Alizadeh, Stanford University Medical Center, Palo Alto; Christos E. Emmanouilides and John M. Timmerman, University of California Los Angeles Medical Center, Los Angeles; Lori A. Kunkel, Diane E. Ingolia, and Dan W. Denney Jr, Genitope, Fremont, CA; Kristen N. Ganjoo and Michael J. Robertson, Indiana University Medical Center, Indianapolis, IN; John P. Leonard, Weill Medical College of Cornell University, New York, NY; Julie M. Vose, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE; Ian W. Flinn and Richard F. Ambinder, Johns Hopkins University Oncology Center, Baltimore, MD; Joseph M. Connors, British Columbia Cancer Agency Centre for Lymphoid Cancer, Vancouver, British Columbia; Neil L. Berinstein, Toronto-Sunnybrook Regional Cancer Centre, Toronto, Ontario; Andrew R. Belch, Cross Cancer Institute, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada; Nancy L. Bartlett, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO; Craig Nichols, Oregon Health Science University, Portland, OR; Stephanie A. Gregory, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL; Brian K. Link, University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, Iowa City, IA; David J. Inwards, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Arnold S. Freedman, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA; and Jeffrey V. Matous, Rocky Mountain Cancer Centers, Denver, CO.
Stephanie A GregoryRonald Levy, Andrew J. Gentles, Chih Long Liu, Robert Tibshirani, and Ash A. Alizadeh, Stanford University Medical Center, Palo Alto; Christos E. Emmanouilides and John M. Timmerman, University of California Los Angeles Medical Center, Los Angeles; Lori A. Kunkel, Diane E. Ingolia, and Dan W. Denney Jr, Genitope, Fremont, CA; Kristen N. Ganjoo and Michael J. Robertson, Indiana University Medical Center, Indianapolis, IN; John P. Leonard, Weill Medical College of Cornell University, New York, NY; Julie M. Vose, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE; Ian W. Flinn and Richard F. Ambinder, Johns Hopkins University Oncology Center, Baltimore, MD; Joseph M. Connors, British Columbia Cancer Agency Centre for Lymphoid Cancer, Vancouver, British Columbia; Neil L. Berinstein, Toronto-Sunnybrook Regional Cancer Centre, Toronto, Ontario; Andrew R. Belch, Cross Cancer Institute, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada; Nancy L. Bartlett, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO; Craig Nichols, Oregon Health Science University, Portland, OR; Stephanie A. Gregory, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL; Brian K. Link, University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, Iowa City, IA; David J. Inwards, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Arnold S. Freedman, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA; and Jeffrey V. Matous, Rocky Mountain Cancer Centers, Denver, CO.
Brian K LinkRonald Levy, Andrew J. Gentles, Chih Long Liu, Robert Tibshirani, and Ash A. Alizadeh, Stanford University Medical Center, Palo Alto; Christos E. Emmanouilides and John M. Timmerman, University of California Los Angeles Medical Center, Los Angeles; Lori A. Kunkel, Diane E. Ingolia, and Dan W. Denney Jr, Genitope, Fremont, CA; Kristen N. Ganjoo and Michael J. Robertson, Indiana University Medical Center, Indianapolis, IN; John P. Leonard, Weill Medical College of Cornell University, New York, NY; Julie M. Vose, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE; Ian W. Flinn and Richard F. Ambinder, Johns Hopkins University Oncology Center, Baltimore, MD; Joseph M. Connors, British Columbia Cancer Agency Centre for Lymphoid Cancer, Vancouver, British Columbia; Neil L. Berinstein, Toronto-Sunnybrook Regional Cancer Centre, Toronto, Ontario; Andrew R. Belch, Cross Cancer Institute, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada; Nancy L. Bartlett, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO; Craig Nichols, Oregon Health Science University, Portland, OR; Stephanie A. Gregory, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL; Brian K. Link, University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, Iowa City, IA; David J. Inwards, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Arnold S. Freedman, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA; and Jeffrey V. Matous, Rocky Mountain Cancer Centers, Denver, CO.
David J InwardsRonald Levy, Andrew J. Gentles, Chih Long Liu, Robert Tibshirani, and Ash A. Alizadeh, Stanford University Medical Center, Palo Alto; Christos E. Emmanouilides and John M. Timmerman, University of California Los Angeles Medical Center, Los Angeles; Lori A. Kunkel, Diane E. Ingolia, and Dan W. Denney Jr, Genitope, Fremont, CA; Kristen N. Ganjoo and Michael J. Robertson, Indiana University Medical Center, Indianapolis, IN; John P. Leonard, Weill Medical College of Cornell University, New York, NY; Julie M. Vose, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE; Ian W. Flinn and Richard F. Ambinder, Johns Hopkins University Oncology Center, Baltimore, MD; Joseph M. Connors, British Columbia Cancer Agency Centre for Lymphoid Cancer, Vancouver, British Columbia; Neil L. Berinstein, Toronto-Sunnybrook Regional Cancer Centre, Toronto, Ontario; Andrew R. Belch, Cross Cancer Institute, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada; Nancy L. Bartlett, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO; Craig Nichols, Oregon Health Science University, Portland, OR; Stephanie A. Gregory, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL; Brian K. Link, University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, Iowa City, IA; David J. Inwards, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Arnold S. Freedman, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA; and Jeffrey V. Matous, Rocky Mountain Cancer Centers, Denver, CO.
Arnold S FreedmanRonald Levy, Andrew J. Gentles, Chih Long Liu, Robert Tibshirani, and Ash A. Alizadeh, Stanford University Medical Center, Palo Alto; Christos E. Emmanouilides and John M. Timmerman, University of California Los Angeles Medical Center, Los Angeles; Lori A. Kunkel, Diane E. Ingolia, and Dan W. Denney Jr, Genitope, Fremont, CA; Kristen N. Ganjoo and Michael J. Robertson, Indiana University Medical Center, Indianapolis, IN; John P. Leonard, Weill Medical College of Cornell University, New York, NY; Julie M. Vose, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE; Ian W. Flinn and Richard F. Ambinder, Johns Hopkins University Oncology Center, Baltimore, MD; Joseph M. Connors, British Columbia Cancer Agency Centre for Lymphoid Cancer, Vancouver, British Columbia; Neil L. Berinstein, Toronto-Sunnybrook Regional Cancer Centre, Toronto, Ontario; Andrew R. Belch, Cross Cancer Institute, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada; Nancy L. Bartlett, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO; Craig Nichols, Oregon Health Science University, Portland, OR; Stephanie A. Gregory, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL; Brian K. Link, University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, Iowa City, IA; David J. Inwards, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Arnold S. Freedman, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA; and Jeffrey V. Matous, Rocky Mountain Cancer Centers, Denver, CO.
Jeffrey V MatousRonald Levy, Andrew J. Gentles, Chih Long Liu, Robert Tibshirani, and Ash A. Alizadeh, Stanford University Medical Center, Palo Alto; Christos E. Emmanouilides and John M. Timmerman, University of California Los Angeles Medical Center, Los Angeles; Lori A. Kunkel, Diane E. Ingolia, and Dan W. Denney Jr, Genitope, Fremont, CA; Kristen N. Ganjoo and Michael J. Robertson, Indiana University Medical Center, Indianapolis, IN; John P. Leonard, Weill Medical College of Cornell University, New York, NY; Julie M. Vose, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE; Ian W. Flinn and Richard F. Ambinder, Johns Hopkins University Oncology Center, Baltimore, MD; Joseph M. Connors, British Columbia Cancer Agency Centre for Lymphoid Cancer, Vancouver, British Columbia; Neil L. Berinstein, Toronto-Sunnybrook Regional Cancer Centre, Toronto, Ontario; Andrew R. Belch, Cross Cancer Institute, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada; Nancy L. Bartlett, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO; Craig Nichols, Oregon Health Science University, Portland, OR; Stephanie A. Gregory, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL; Brian K. Link, University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, Iowa City, IA; David J. Inwards, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Arnold S. Freedman, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA; and Jeffrey V. Matous, Rocky Mountain Cancer Centers, Denver, CO.
Michael J RobertsonRonald Levy, Andrew J. Gentles, Chih Long Liu, Robert Tibshirani, and Ash A. Alizadeh, Stanford University Medical Center, Palo Alto; Christos E. Emmanouilides and John M. Timmerman, University of California Los Angeles Medical Center, Los Angeles; Lori A. Kunkel, Diane E. Ingolia, and Dan W. Denney Jr, Genitope, Fremont, CA; Kristen N. Ganjoo and Michael J. Robertson, Indiana University Medical Center, Indianapolis, IN; John P. Leonard, Weill Medical College of Cornell University, New York, NY; Julie M. Vose, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE; Ian W. Flinn and Richard F. Ambinder, Johns Hopkins University Oncology Center, Baltimore, MD; Joseph M. Connors, British Columbia Cancer Agency Centre for Lymphoid Cancer, Vancouver, British Columbia; Neil L. Berinstein, Toronto-Sunnybrook Regional Cancer Centre, Toronto, Ontario; Andrew R. Belch, Cross Cancer Institute, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada; Nancy L. Bartlett, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO; Craig Nichols, Oregon Health Science University, Portland, OR; Stephanie A. Gregory, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL; Brian K. Link, University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, Iowa City, IA; David J. Inwards, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Arnold S. Freedman, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA; and Jeffrey V. Matous, Rocky Mountain Cancer Centers, Denver, CO.
Lori A KunkelRonald Levy, Andrew J. Gentles, Chih Long Liu, Robert Tibshirani, and Ash A. Alizadeh, Stanford University Medical Center, Palo Alto; Christos E. Emmanouilides and John M. Timmerman, University of California Los Angeles Medical Center, Los Angeles; Lori A. Kunkel, Diane E. Ingolia, and Dan W. Denney Jr, Genitope, Fremont, CA; Kristen N. Ganjoo and Michael J. Robertson, Indiana University Medical Center, Indianapolis, IN; John P. Leonard, Weill Medical College of Cornell University, New York, NY; Julie M. Vose, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE; Ian W. Flinn and Richard F. Ambinder, Johns Hopkins University Oncology Center, Baltimore, MD; Joseph M. Connors, British Columbia Cancer Agency Centre for Lymphoid Cancer, Vancouver, British Columbia; Neil L. Berinstein, Toronto-Sunnybrook Regional Cancer Centre, Toronto, Ontario; Andrew R. Belch, Cross Cancer Institute, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada; Nancy L. Bartlett, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO; Craig Nichols, Oregon Health Science University, Portland, OR; Stephanie A. Gregory, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL; Brian K. Link, University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, Iowa City, IA; David J. Inwards, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Arnold S. Freedman, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA; and Jeffrey V. Matous, Rocky Mountain Cancer Centers, Denver, CO.
Diane E IngoliaRonald Levy, Andrew J. Gentles, Chih Long Liu, Robert Tibshirani, and Ash A. Alizadeh, Stanford University Medical Center, Palo Alto; Christos E. Emmanouilides and John M. Timmerman, University of California Los Angeles Medical Center, Los Angeles; Lori A. Kunkel, Diane E. Ingolia, and Dan W. Denney Jr, Genitope, Fremont, CA; Kristen N. Ganjoo and Michael J. Robertson, Indiana University Medical Center, Indianapolis, IN; John P. Leonard, Weill Medical College of Cornell University, New York, NY; Julie M. Vose, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE; Ian W. Flinn and Richard F. Ambinder, Johns Hopkins University Oncology Center, Baltimore, MD; Joseph M. Connors, British Columbia Cancer Agency Centre for Lymphoid Cancer, Vancouver, British Columbia; Neil L. Berinstein, Toronto-Sunnybrook Regional Cancer Centre, Toronto, Ontario; Andrew R. Belch, Cross Cancer Institute, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada; Nancy L. Bartlett, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO; Craig Nichols, Oregon Health Science University, Portland, OR; Stephanie A. Gregory, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL; Brian K. Link, University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, Iowa City, IA; David J. Inwards, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Arnold S. Freedman, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA; and Jeffrey V. Matous, Rocky Mountain Cancer Centers, Denver, CO.
Andrew J GentlesRonald Levy, Andrew J. Gentles, Chih Long Liu, Robert Tibshirani, and Ash A. Alizadeh, Stanford University Medical Center, Palo Alto; Christos E. Emmanouilides and John M. Timmerman, University of California Los Angeles Medical Center, Los Angeles; Lori A. Kunkel, Diane E. Ingolia, and Dan W. Denney Jr, Genitope, Fremont, CA; Kristen N. Ganjoo and Michael J. Robertson, Indiana University Medical Center, Indianapolis, IN; John P. Leonard, Weill Medical College of Cornell University, New York, NY; Julie M. Vose, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE; Ian W. Flinn and Richard F. Ambinder, Johns Hopkins University Oncology Center, Baltimore, MD; Joseph M. Connors, British Columbia Cancer Agency Centre for Lymphoid Cancer, Vancouver, British Columbia; Neil L. Berinstein, Toronto-Sunnybrook Regional Cancer Centre, Toronto, Ontario; Andrew R. Belch, Cross Cancer Institute, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada; Nancy L. Bartlett, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO; Craig Nichols, Oregon Health Science University, Portland, OR; Stephanie A. Gregory, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL; Brian K. Link, University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, Iowa City, IA; David J. Inwards, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Arnold S. Freedman, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA; and Jeffrey V. Matous, Rocky Mountain Cancer Centers, Denver, CO.
Chih Long LiuRonald Levy, Andrew J. Gentles, Chih Long Liu, Robert Tibshirani, and Ash A. Alizadeh, Stanford University Medical Center, Palo Alto; Christos E. Emmanouilides and John M. Timmerman, University of California Los Angeles Medical Center, Los Angeles; Lori A. Kunkel, Diane E. Ingolia, and Dan W. Denney Jr, Genitope, Fremont, CA; Kristen N. Ganjoo and Michael J. Robertson, Indiana University Medical Center, Indianapolis, IN; John P. Leonard, Weill Medical College of Cornell University, New York, NY; Julie M. Vose, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE; Ian W. Flinn and Richard F. Ambinder, Johns Hopkins University Oncology Center, Baltimore, MD; Joseph M. Connors, British Columbia Cancer Agency Centre for Lymphoid Cancer, Vancouver, British Columbia; Neil L. Berinstein, Toronto-Sunnybrook Regional Cancer Centre, Toronto, Ontario; Andrew R. Belch, Cross Cancer Institute, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada; Nancy L. Bartlett, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO; Craig Nichols, Oregon Health Science University, Portland, OR; Stephanie A. Gregory, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL; Brian K. Link, University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, Iowa City, IA; David J. Inwards, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Arnold S. Freedman, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA; and Jeffrey V. Matous, Rocky Mountain Cancer Centers, Denver, CO.
Robert TibshiraniRonald Levy, Andrew J. Gentles, Chih Long Liu, Robert Tibshirani, and Ash A. Alizadeh, Stanford University Medical Center, Palo Alto; Christos E. Emmanouilides and John M. Timmerman, University of California Los Angeles Medical Center, Los Angeles; Lori A. Kunkel, Diane E. Ingolia, and Dan W. Denney Jr, Genitope, Fremont, CA; Kristen N. Ganjoo and Michael J. Robertson, Indiana University Medical Center, Indianapolis, IN; John P. Leonard, Weill Medical College of Cornell University, New York, NY; Julie M. Vose, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE; Ian W. Flinn and Richard F. Ambinder, Johns Hopkins University Oncology Center, Baltimore, MD; Joseph M. Connors, British Columbia Cancer Agency Centre for Lymphoid Cancer, Vancouver, British Columbia; Neil L. Berinstein, Toronto-Sunnybrook Regional Cancer Centre, Toronto, Ontario; Andrew R. Belch, Cross Cancer Institute, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada; Nancy L. Bartlett, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO; Craig Nichols, Oregon Health Science University, Portland, OR; Stephanie A. Gregory, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL; Brian K. Link, University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, Iowa City, IA; David J. Inwards, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Arnold S. Freedman, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA; and Jeffrey V. Matous, Rocky Mountain Cancer Centers, Denver, CO.
Ash A AlizadehRonald Levy, Andrew J. Gentles, Chih Long Liu, Robert Tibshirani, and Ash A. Alizadeh, Stanford University Medical Center, Palo Alto; Christos E. Emmanouilides and John M. Timmerman, University of California Los Angeles Medical Center, Los Angeles; Lori A. Kunkel, Diane E. Ingolia, and Dan W. Denney Jr, Genitope, Fremont, CA; Kristen N. Ganjoo and Michael J. Robertson, Indiana University Medical Center, Indianapolis, IN; John P. Leonard, Weill Medical College of Cornell University, New York, NY; Julie M. Vose, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE; Ian W. Flinn and Richard F. Ambinder, Johns Hopkins University Oncology Center, Baltimore, MD; Joseph M. Connors, British Columbia Cancer Agency Centre for Lymphoid Cancer, Vancouver, British Columbia; Neil L. Berinstein, Toronto-Sunnybrook Regional Cancer Centre, Toronto, Ontario; Andrew R. Belch, Cross Cancer Institute, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada; Nancy L. Bartlett, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO; Craig Nichols, Oregon Health Science University, Portland, OR; Stephanie A. Gregory, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL; Brian K. Link, University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, Iowa City, IA; David J. Inwards, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Arnold S. Freedman, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA; and Jeffrey V. Matous, Rocky Mountain Cancer Centers, Denver, CO. arasha@stanford.edu.
Dan W DenneyRonald Levy, Andrew J. Gentles, Chih Long Liu, Robert Tibshirani, and Ash A. Alizadeh, Stanford University Medical Center, Palo Alto; Christos E. Emmanouilides and John M. Timmerman, University of California Los Angeles Medical Center, Los Angeles; Lori A. Kunkel, Diane E. Ingolia, and Dan W. Denney Jr, Genitope, Fremont, CA; Kristen N. Ganjoo and Michael J. Robertson, Indiana University Medical Center, Indianapolis, IN; John P. Leonard, Weill Medical College of Cornell University, New York, NY; Julie M. Vose, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE; Ian W. Flinn and Richard F. Ambinder, Johns Hopkins University Oncology Center, Baltimore, MD; Joseph M. Connors, British Columbia Cancer Agency Centre for Lymphoid Cancer, Vancouver, British Columbia; Neil L. Berinstein, Toronto-Sunnybrook Regional Cancer Centre, Toronto, Ontario; Andrew R. Belch, Cross Cancer Institute, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada; Nancy L. Bartlett, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO; Craig Nichols, Oregon Health Science University, Portland, OR; Stephanie A. Gregory, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL; Brian K. Link, University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, Iowa City, IA; David J. Inwards, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Arnold S. Freedman, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA; and Jeffrey V. Matous, Rocky Mountain Cancer Centers, Denver, CO.
Cancer Institute (WIA) · INDana-Farber Cancer Institute · USMayo Clinic · USPalmetto Hematology Oncology · USRocky Mountain Cancer Centers · US

Funding

Viral VectorP30CA086862 · NCI · UNIVERSITY OF IOWA · PI Douglas Robert Spitz · 2000 to 2026
$70.0M
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

purposeIdiotypes (Ids), the unique portions of tumor immunoglobulins, can serve as targets for passive and active immunotherapies for lymphoma. We performed a multicenter, randomized trial comparing a specific vaccine (MyVax), comprising Id chemically coupled to keyhole limpet hemocyanin (KLH) plus granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) to a control immunotherapy with KLH plus GM-CSF. PATIENTS AND

methodsPatients with previously untreated advanced-stage follicular lymphoma (FL) received eight cycles of chemotherapy with cyclophosphamide, vincristine, and prednisone. Those achieving sustained partial or complete remission (n=287 [44%]) were randomly assigned at a ratio of 2:1 to receive one injection per month for 7 months of MyVax or control immunotherapy. Anti-Id antibody responses (humoral immune responses [IRs]) were measured before each immunization. The primary end point was progression-free survival (PFS). Secondary end points included IR and time to subsequent antilymphoma therapy.

resultsAt a median follow-up of 58 months, no significant difference was observed in either PFS or time to next therapy between the two arms. In the MyVax group (n=195), anti-Id IRs were observed in 41% of patients, with a median PFS of 40 months, significantly exceeding the median PFS observed in patients without such Id-induced IRs and in those receiving control immunotherapy.

conclusionThis trial failed to demonstrate clinical benefit of specific immunotherapy. The subset of vaccinated patients mounting specific anti-Id responses had superior outcomes. Whether this reflects a therapeutic benefit or is a marker for more favorable underlying prognosis requires further study.

Indexed as

AdultAntineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy ProtocolsCancer VaccinesCyclophosphamideDouble-Blind MethodFemaleGranulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating FactorHemocyaninsHumansImmunoglobulin IdiotypesImmunotherapyLymphoma, FollicularMaleMiddle AgedPrednisoneVincristineCancer VaccinesCyclophosphamideGranulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating FactorHemocyaninsImmunoglobulin Idiotypeskeyhole-limpet hemocyaninPrednisoneVincristine

Identifiers

PMID24799467
PMCPMC4039868
OpenAlexW1986766802

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.