ArticleBirth defects research. Part B, Developmental and reproductive toxicology2014
Developmental toxicity studies with atrazine and its major metabolites in rats and rabbits.
Article in Birth defects research. Part B, Developmental and reproductive toxicology, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
12 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 47 citations in OpenAlex.
- Atrazine and pregnancy outcomes: a systematic review of epidemiologic evidence.Birth defects research. Part B, Developmental and reproductive toxicology · 2014Pooled it
- Astragaloside IV ameliorates atrazine-induced male reproductive toxicity: anFrontiers in toxicology · 2025Article
- Review of the effect of atrazine on the HPG axes and steroidogenic pathways in males: relevance for testicular and prostate cancer.Frontiers in toxicology · 2025Review
- Identification of environmental chemicals targeting miscarriage genes and pathways using the comparative toxicogenomics database.Environmental research · 2020Article
- Glycyrrhizic acid modulates the atrazine-induced apoptosis in rabbit spleen.Environmental science and pollution research international · 2019Article
- Embryonic exposure to the widely-used herbicide atrazine disrupts meiosis and normal follicle formation in female mice.Scientific reports · 2017Article
- Atrazine induced epigenetic transgenerational inheritance of disease, lean phenotype and sperm epimutation pathology biomarkers.PloS one · 2017Article
- Exposure to the widely used herbicide atrazine results in deregulation of global tissue-specific RNA transcription in the third generation and is associated with a global decrease of histone trimethylation in mice.Nucleic acids research · 2016Article
- PBPK-Based Probabilistic Risk Assessment for Total Chlorotriazines in Drinking Water.Toxicological sciences : an official journal of the Society of Toxicology · 2016Article
- Effect of Age, Duration of Exposure, and Dose of Atrazine on Sexual Maturation and the Luteinizing Hormone Surge in the Female Sprague-Dawley Rat.Birth defects research. Part B, Developmental and reproductive toxicology · 2015Article
- Multigeneration reproduction and male developmental toxicity studies on atrazine in rats.Birth defects research. Part B, Developmental and reproductive toxicology · 2014Article
- Developmental toxicity studies with atrazine and its major metabolites in rats and rabbits.Birth defects research. Part B, Developmental and reproductive toxicology · 2014Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Atrazine (ATR), hydroxyatrazine (OH-ATR), and the three chloro metabolites of ATR (deethylatrazine [DEA], deisopropylatrazine [DIA], diaminochlorotriazine [DACT]) were evaluated for developmental effects in rats and rabbits. Three developmental toxicity studies were conducted on ATR in rats (two studies) and rabbits and a developmental toxicity study was conducted in rats for each of the four ATR metabolites DEA, DIA, DACT, and OH-ATZ. ATR administration by gavage to pregnant rats and rabbits from implantation (gestation day [GD] 6 in rat, GD 7 in rabbit) through closure of the palate (GD 15 in rat and GD 19 in rabbit) did not statistically significantly alter the incidence of developmental abnormalities or malformations at dose levels up to 100 (rat) or 75 (rabbit) mg/kg bw/day. There were no effects on developmental toxicity parameters for DEA, DIA, DACT, or OH-ATR at oral dose levels up to 100, 100, 150, or 125 mg/kg bw/day, respectively, with the exception of reductions in fetal body weight by DACT and OH-ATR in the presence of decreased maternal body weight gain. ATR did not adversely affect developmental end points in a two-generation study conducted in rats exposed to dose levels up to 500 ppm (38.7 mg/kg/day) in the diet. The 500-ppm dose level resulted in significantly reduced maternal body weight gain. Overall, data show that neither ATR nor its metabolites statistically significantly affected rat or rabbit embryo-fetal development even at dose levels producing maternal toxicity.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.