ArticlePloS one2014
Annulus fibrosus cell characteristics are a potential source of intervertebral disc pathogenesis.
Article in PloS one, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 32 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
32 citing papers in PubMed.
- Intervertebral disc progenitor cells: roles in regeneration and disease.Stem cell research & therapy · 2026Review
- Mechanosensitive Ion Channel PIEZO1 Suppresses BMP2-Induced Ossification of the Annulus Fibrosus Cells.JOR spine · 2026Article
- Advancing Intervertebral Disc Biology via Omics: Implications for Nucleus Pulposus Progenitor Cell-Based Regeneration.JOR spine · 2025Review
- Article
- Article
- A new perspective on intervertebral disc calcification-from bench to bedside.Bone research · 2024Review
- Roles of organokines in intervertebral disc homeostasis and degeneration.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2024Review
- Article
- Injectable Cell-Laden Nanofibrous Matrix for Treating Annulus Fibrosus Defects in Porcine Model: An Organ Culture Study.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Article
- Amine Functionalized Trimetallic Nitride Endohedral Fullerenes: A Class of Nanoparticle to Tackle Low Back/Leg Pain.ACS applied bio materials · 2022Article
- Current Perspectives on Nucleus Pulposus Fibrosis in Disc Degeneration and Repair.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Review
- Mechanisms and clinical implications of intervertebral disc calcification.Nature reviews. Rheumatology · 2022Review
- Heterogeneous macrophages contribute to the pathology of disc herniation induced radiculopathy.The spine journal : official journal of the North American Spine Society · 2022Article
- Causes of and Molecular Targets for the Treatment of Intervertebral Disc Degeneration: A Review.Cells · 2022Review
- Mesenchymal stem cells: amazing remedies for bone and cartilage defects.Stem cell research & therapy · 2020Review
- Current Progress in the Endogenous Repair of Intervertebral Disk Degeneration Based on Progenitor Cells.Frontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology · 2020Review
- Microfluidic Disc-on-a-Chip Device for Mouse Intervertebral Disc-Pitching a Next-Generation Research Platform To Study Disc Degeneration.ACS biomaterials science & engineering · 2019Article
- Therapeutic potential of growth differentiation factors in the treatment of degenerative disc diseases.JOR spine · 2019Review
- IVD progenitor cells: a new horizon for understanding disc homeostasis and repair.Nature reviews. Rheumatology · 2019Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
In the end stage of intervertebral disc degeneration, cartilage, bone, endothelial cells, and neurons appear in association with the worsening condition. The origin of the abnormal cells is not clear. This study investigated the properties of progenitor cells in the annulus fibrosus (AF) using one in vitro and two in vivo models. Cultivation of rabbit AF cells with chondrogenic media significantly increased expressions of collagen and aggrecan. Upon exposure to osteogenic conditions, the cultures showed increased mineralization and expression of osteopontin, runx2, and bmp2 genes. Two models were used in the in vivo subcutaneous implantation experiments: 1) rabbit AF tissue in a demineralized bone matrix (DBM) cylinder (DBM/AF), and, 2) rat intact and needle punctured lumbar discs. Bone formation in the AF tissue was detected and hypertrophic chondrocytes and osteoblasts were present 1 month after implantation of the DBM/AF to nude mice. In addition to collagen I and II, immunostaining shows collagen X and osteocalcin expression in DBM/AF specimens 4 months after implantation. Similar changes were detected in the injured discs. Almost the entire needle punctured disc had ossified at 6 months. The results suggest that AF cells have characteristics of progenitor cells and, under appropriate stimuli, are capable of differentiating into chondrocytes and osteoblasts in vitro as well as in vivo. Importantly, these cells may be a target for biological treatment of disc degeneration.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.