Evidence map›Paper›PMID 24795734›Full record

ArticleFrontiers in plant science2014

An update: improvements in imaging perfluorocarbon-mounted plant leaves with implications for studies of plant pathology, physiology, development and cell biology.

George R Littlejohn, Jessica C Mansfield, Jacqueline T Christmas, Eleanor Witterick, Mark D Fricker, Murray R Grant, Nicholas Smirnoff, Richard M Everson, Julian Moger, John Love

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Frontiers in plant science, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 35 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
35citing papers in PubMed
11.6field-weighted citation impact, top 2% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

35 citing papers in PubMed, 66 citations in OpenAlex.

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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

George R LittlejohnDivision of Plant and Microbial Sciences, School of Biosciences, University of Exeter Exeter, UK.
Jessica C MansfieldSchool of Physics, University of Exeter Exeter, UK.
Jacqueline T ChristmasComputer Science, University of Exeter Exeter, UK.
Eleanor WitterickDivision of Plant and Microbial Sciences, School of Biosciences, University of Exeter Exeter, UK.
Mark D FrickerDepartment of Plant Sciences, University of Oxford Oxford, UK.
Murray R GrantDivision of Plant and Microbial Sciences, School of Biosciences, University of Exeter Exeter, UK.
Nicholas SmirnoffDivision of Plant and Microbial Sciences, School of Biosciences, University of Exeter Exeter, UK.
Richard M EversonComputer Science, University of Exeter Exeter, UK.
Julian MogerSchool of Physics, University of Exeter Exeter, UK.
John LoveDivision of Plant and Microbial Sciences, School of Biosciences, University of Exeter Exeter, UK.
University of Exeter · GBUniversity of Oxford · GB

Funding

Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council BB/E002692/1
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Plant leaves are optically complex, which makes them difficult to image by light microscopy. Careful sample preparation is therefore required to enable researchers to maximize the information gained from advances in fluorescent protein labeling, cell dyes and innovations in microscope technologies and techniques. We have previously shown that mounting leaves in the non-toxic, non-fluorescent perfluorocarbon (PFC), perfluorodecalin (PFD) enhances the optical properties of the leaf with minimal impact on physiology. Here, we assess the use of the PFCs, PFD, and perfluoroperhydrophenanthrene (PP11) for in vivo plant leaf imaging using four advanced modes of microscopy: laser scanning confocal microscopy (LSCM), two-photon fluorescence microscopy, second harmonic generation microscopy, and stimulated Raman scattering (SRS) microscopy. For every mode of imaging tested, we observed an improved signal when leaves were mounted in PFD or in PP11, compared to mounting the samples in water. Using an image analysis technique based on autocorrelation to quantitatively assess LSCM image deterioration with depth, we show that PP11 outperformed PFD as a mounting medium by enabling the acquisition of clearer images deeper into the tissue. In addition, we show that SRS microscopy can be used to image PFCs directly in the mesophyll and thereby easily delimit the "negative space" within a leaf, which may have important implications for studies of leaf development. Direct comparison of on and off resonance SRS micrographs show that PFCs do not to form intracellular aggregates in live plants. We conclude that the application of PFCs as mounting media substantially increases advanced microscopy image quality of living mesophyll and leaf vascular bundle cells.

Indexed as

Arabidopsisconfocalimagingmicroscopymulti-photonperfluorocarbonperfluoroperhydrophenanthrene

Identifiers

PMID24795734
PMCPMC4006058
OpenAlexW2014451608

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.