ReviewFrontiers in immunology2014
Role of Fused Mycobacterium tuberculosis Immunogens and Adjuvants in Modern Tuberculosis Vaccines.
Review in Frontiers in immunology, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 20 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
20 citing papers in PubMed, 39 citations in OpenAlex.
- Adjunctive beneficial effect of c-di-GMP, a STING agonist, in enhancing protective efficacy of TLR4-adjuvanted tuberculosis subunit vaccine formulations.Journal of biomedical science · 2025Article
- In silico design ofHeliyon · 2024Article
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- A Structural View at Vaccine Development againstCells · 2023Review
- A novel multi-component protein vaccine ECP001 containing a protein polypeptide antigen nPstS1 riching in T-cell epitopes showed good immunogenicity and protection in mice.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Article
- Controlled Human Infection Models To Accelerate Vaccine Development.Clinical microbiology reviews · 2022Review
- Article
- A new DNA vaccine expressing HspX-PPE44-EsxV fusion antigens ofIranian journal of basic medical sciences · 2020Article
- Enhancing immunogenicity of novel multistage subunit vaccine ofIranian journal of basic medical sciences · 2019Article
- Impact of a Heat Shock Protein Impurity on the Immunogenicity of Biotherapeutic Monoclonal Antibodies.Pharmaceutical research · 2019Article
- Single-dose Ag85B-ESAT6-loaded poly(lactic-International journal of nanomedicine · 2019Article
- Novel vaccine potential of Rv3131, a DosR regulon-encoded putative nitroreductase, against hyper-virulent Mycobacterium tuberculosis strain K.Scientific reports · 2017Article
- Role of Metallic Nanoparticles in Vaccinology: Implications for Infectious Disease Vaccine Development.Frontiers in immunology · 2017Review
- A multistage mycobacterium tuberculosis subunit vaccine LT70 including latency antigen Rv2626c induces long-term protection against tuberculosis.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2016Article
- Multiantigenic subunitary vaccines against tuberculosis in clinical trials: Where do we stand and where do we need to go?Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2016Article
- Vaccine-mediated immunity to experimental Mycobacterium tuberculosis is not impaired in the absence of Toll-like receptor 9.Cellular immunology · 2016Article
- Tetanus toxin fragment C fused to flagellin makes a potent mucosal vaccine.Clinical and experimental vaccine research · 2015Article
- Identification of Novel Potential Vaccine Candidates against Tuberculosis Based on Reverse Vaccinology.BioMed research international · 2015Article
- A new recombinant BCG vaccine induces specific Th17 and Th1 effector cells with higher protective efficacy against tuberculosis.PloS one · 2014Article
- Significance of antigen and epitope specificity in tuberculosis.Frontiers in immunology · 2014Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Several approaches have been developed to improve or replace the only available vaccine for tuberculosis (TB), BCG (Bacille Calmette Guerin). The development of subunit protein vaccines is a promising strategy because it combines specificity and safety. In addition, subunit protein vaccines can be designed to have selected immune epitopes associated with immunomodulating components to drive the appropriate immune response. However, the limited antigens present in subunit vaccines reduce their capacity to stimulate a complete immune response compared with vaccines composed of live attenuated or killed microorganisms. This deficiency can be compensated by the incorporation of adjuvants in the vaccine formulation. The fusion of adjuvants with Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) proteins or immune epitopes has the potential to become the new frontier in the TB vaccine development field. Researchers have addressed this approach by fusing the immune epitopes of their vaccines with molecules such as interleukins, lipids, lipoproteins, and immune stimulatory peptides, which have the potential to enhance the immune response. The fused molecules are being tested as subunit vaccines alone or within live attenuated vector contexts. Therefore, the objectives of this review are to discuss the association of Mtb fusion proteins with adjuvants; Mtb immunogens fused with adjuvants; and cytokine fusion with Mtb proteins and live recombinant vectors expressing cytokines. The incorporation of adjuvant molecules in a vaccine can be complex, and developing a stable fusion with proteins is a challenging task. Overall, the fusion of adjuvants with Mtb epitopes, despite the limited number of studies, is a promising field in vaccine development.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.