ArticlePhysiological reports2014
Validity and reliability of a field technique for sweat Na+ and K+ analysis during exercise in a hot-humid environment.
Article in Physiological reports, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 20 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
20 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 61 citations in OpenAlex.
- Effects of Sodium Intake on Health and Performance in Endurance and Ultra-Endurance Sports.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Pooled it
- Hydration Responses to Pre-Exercise Sodium Hyperhydration at Rest and During Cycling in the Heat and Across Menstrual Cycle Phases.Nutrients · 2025Trial
- Impact of 3-day high and low dietary sodium intake on sodium status in response to exertional-heat stress: a double-blind randomized control trial.European journal of applied physiology · 2019Trial
- 3D-Printed Potentiometric Multicells for Enhanced Analytical Performance of Solid Contact Ion-Selective Electrodes.Analytical chemistry · 2025Article
- Sex differences in energy intake, sweat rate, and electrolyte loss among world-class archers during competition.Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition · 2025Article
- Wearable microfluidic biosensors with haptic feedback for continuous monitoring of hydration biomarkers in workers.NPJ digital medicine · 2025Article
- Sweat Na+/K+ ratio as a practical biological index for estimating sweating rate and salt loss rate.Journal of occupational health · 2025Article
- Voluntary wheel running promotes lymphangiogenesis in slow-twitch muscle in young mice.Frontiers in physiology · 2025Article
- Simultaneous detection of urea and lactate in sweat based on a wearable sweat biosensor.Biomedical optics express · 2024Article
- Elevations in sweat sodium concentration following ischemia-reperfusion injury during passive heat stress.Journal of applied physiology (Bethesda, Md. : 1985) · 2023Article
- Explaining variation in sweat sodium concentration: effect of individual characteristics and exercise, environmental, and dietary factors.Journal of applied physiology (Bethesda, Md. : 1985) · 2022Article
- Comprehensive Review on Wearable Sweat-Glucose Sensors for Continuous Glucose Monitoring.Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Review
- Fluid Balance, Sweat NaNutrients · 2021Article
- The effect of sweat sample storage condition on sweat content.Temperature (Austin, Tex.) · 2021Article
- Physiological mechanisms determining eccrine sweat composition.European journal of applied physiology · 2020Review
- Sodium Ingestion Improves Groundstroke Performance in Nationally-Ranked Tennis Players: A Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Crossover Trial.Frontiers in nutrition · 2020Article
- International Society of Sports Nutrition Position Stand: nutritional considerations for single-stage ultra-marathon training and racing.Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition · 2019Review
- Physiology of sweat gland function: The roles of sweating and sweat composition in human health.Temperature (Austin, Tex.) · 2019Review
- National Athletic Trainers' Association Position Statement: Fluid Replacement for the Physically Active.Journal of athletic training · 2017Article
- Sweating Rate and Sweat Sodium Concentration in Athletes: A Review of Methodology and Intra/Interindividual Variability.Sports medicine (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2017Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Abstract This study compared a field versus reference laboratory technique for extracting (syringe vs. centrifuge) and analyzing sweat [Na(+)] and [K(+)] (compact Horiba B-722 and B-731, HORIBA vs. ion chromatography, HPLC) collected with regional absorbent patches during exercise in a hot-humid environment. Sweat samples were collected from seven anatomical sites on 30 athletes during 1-h cycling in a heat chamber (33°C, 67% rh). Ten minutes into exercise, skin was cleaned/dried and two sweat patches were applied per anatomical site. After removal, one patch per site was centrifuged and sweat was analyzed with HORIBA in the heat chamber (CENTRIFUGE HORIBA) versus HPLC (CENTRIFUGE HPLC). Sweat from the second patch per site was extracted using a 5-mL syringe and analyzed with HORIBA in the heat chamber (SYRINGE HORIBA) versus HPLC (SYRINGE HPLC). CENTRIFUGE HORIBA, SYRINGE HPLC, and SYRINGE HORIBA were highly related to CENTRIFUGE HPLC ([Na(+)]: ICC = 0.96, 0.94, and 0.93, respectively; [K(+)]: ICC = 0.87, 0.92, and 0.84, respectively), while mean differences from CENTRIFUGE HPLC were small but usually significant ([Na(+)]: 4.7 ± 7.9 mEql/L, -2.5 ± 9.3 mEq/L, 4.0 ± 10.9 mEq/L (all P < 0.001), respectively; [K(+)]: 0.44 ± 0.52 mEq/L (P < 0.001), 0.01 ± 0.49 mEq/L (P = 0.77), 0.50 ± 0.48 mEq/L (P < 0.001), respectively). On the basis of typical error of the measurement results, sweat [Na(+)] and [K(+)] obtained with SYRINGE HORIBA falls within ±15.4 mEq/L and ±0.68 mEq/L, respectively, of CENTRIFUGE HPLC 95% of the time. The field (SYRINGE HORIBA) method of extracting and analyzing sweat from regional absorbent patches may be useful in obtaining sweat [Na(+)] when rapid estimates in a hot-humid field setting are needed.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.