ReviewCurrent opinion in neurology2014
Migraine and estrogen.
Review in Current opinion in neurology, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 60 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
60 citing papers in PubMed, 130 citations in OpenAlex.
- Structural and functional brain changes in perimenopausal women who are susceptible to migraine: a study protocol of multi-modal MRI trial.BMC medical imaging · 2018Trial
- Effect of Different Meditation Types on Migraine Headache Medication Use.Behavioral medicine (Washington, D.C.)Trial
- The Estrogen-CGRP Axis in Migraine: Neuroimmune Mechanisms, Sex Differences, and Therapeutic Implications.Molecular neurobiology · 2026Review
- Article
- Menopause, Perimenopause, and Migraine: Understanding the Intersections and Implications for Treatment.Neurology and therapy · 2025Review
- Bridging Gaps in Migraine Management: A Comprehensive Review of Conventional Treatments, Natural Supplements, Complementary Therapies, and Lifestyle Modifications.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Effect of Smoking on the Development of Migraine in Women: Nationwide Cohort Study in South Korea.JMIR public health and surveillance · 2024Article
- Sex as a Determinant of Age-Related Changes in the Brain.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- Genistein mitigates nitroglycerine-induced migraine: modulation of nitric oxide-mediated vasodilation and oxidative stress.Metabolic brain disease · 2024Article
- Sex-Related Differences in Self-Reported Symptoms at Diagnosis in Pheochromocytomas and Paragangliomas.Journal of the Endocrine Society · 2024Article
- Exploring sex differences: insights into gene expression, neuroanatomy, neurochemistry, cognition, and pathology.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2024Review
- Assessing the association between age at first sexual intercourse and migraine: a Mendelian randomization study.Frontiers in neurology · 2024Article
- Real-world pharmacovigilance of ofatumumab in multiple sclerosis: a comprehensive FAERS data analysis.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2024Article
- The influence of factors associated with past reproductive histories on migraines in middle-aged premenopausal women: a nationwide population-based study in Republic of Korea.Frontiers in neurology · 2024Article
- Identifying causal genes for migraine by integrating the proteome and transcriptome.The journal of headache and pain · 2023Article
- Estrogen modulation of cortical spreading depression.The journal of headache and pain · 2023Article
- Association of Migraine and Vasomotor Symptoms.Mayo Clinic proceedings · 2023Article
- Headache prevalence in transgender and gender diverse youth: A single-center case-control study.Headache · 2023Article
- Exposure to traumatic events and use of over-the-counter analgesics in adolescents: cross-sectional findings from the Young-HUNT study.BMJ open · 2023Article
- Associations between migraine and possible risk factors in the Czech Republic.Frontiers in neurology · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
purpose of reviewThe aim is to systematically and critically review the relationship between migraine and estrogen, the predominant female sex hormone, with a focus on studies published in the last 18 months. RECENT
findingsRecent functional MRI (fMRI) studies of the brain support the existence of anatomical and functional differences between men and women, as well as between participants with migraine and healthy controls. In addition to the naturally occurring changes in endogenous sex hormones over the lifespan (e.g. puberty and menopause), exogenous sex hormones (e.g. hormonal contraception or hormone therapy) also may modulate migraine. Recent data support the historical view of an elevated risk of migraine with significant drops in estrogen levels. In addition, several lines of research support that reducing the magnitude of decline in estrogen concentrations prevents menstrually related migraine (MRM) and migraine aura frequency. SUMMARY: Current literature has consistently demonstrated that headache, in particular migraine, is more prevalent in women as compared with men, specifically during reproductive years. Recent studies have found differences in headache characteristics, central nervous system anatomy, as well as functional activation by fMRI between the sexes in migraine patients. Although the cause underlying these differences is likely multifactorial, considerable evidence supports an important role for sex hormones. Recent studies continue to support that MRM is precipitated by drops in estrogen concentrations, and minimizing this decline may prevent these headaches. Limited data also suggest that specific regimens of combined hormone contraceptive use in MRM and migraine with aura may decrease both headache frequency and aura.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.