Evidence map›Paper›PMID 24790178›Full record

Trial reportJournal of the American Society of Nephrology : JASN2014

Effects of lowering LDL cholesterol on progression of kidney disease.

Richard Haynes, David Lewis, Jonathan Emberson, Christina Reith, Lawrence Agodoa, Alan Cass, Jonathan C Craig, Dick de Zeeuw, Bo Feldt-Rasmussen, Bengt Fellström and 8 more

Abstract readRandomized Controlled Trial
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Trial report in Journal of the American Society of Nephrology : JASN, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 88 papers, 10 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
88citing papers in PubMed, 10 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

88 citing papers in PubMed, 10 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.

  1. Guideline
  2. Pooled it
  3. Pooled it
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  6. Pooled it
  7. Pooled it
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  10. Pooled it
  11. Effects of statins on kidney function in older adults.Journal of the American Geriatrics Society · 2025
    Trial
  12. Proteinuria and cholesterol reduction are independently associated with less renal function decline in statin-treated patients; a post hoc analysis of the PLANET trials.Nephrology, dialysis, transplantation : official publication of the European Dialysis and Transplant Association - European Renal Association · 2019
    Trial
  13. Trial
  14. Trial
  15. Cost-effectiveness of Simvastatin plus Ezetimibe for Cardiovascular Prevention in CKD: Results of the Study of Heart and Renal Protection (SHARP).American journal of kidney diseases : the official journal of the National Kidney Foundation · 2016 · on this map
    Trial
  16. Impact of Educational Attainment on Health Outcomes in Moderate to Severe CKD.American journal of kidney diseases : the official journal of the National Kidney Foundation · 2016
    Trial
  17. Trial
  18. Review
  19. Article
  20. Review

28 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

18 authors.

Richard HaynesClinical Trial Service Unit and Epidemiological Studies Unit, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom;
David LewisClinical Trial Service Unit and Epidemiological Studies Unit, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom;
Jonathan EmbersonClinical Trial Service Unit and Epidemiological Studies Unit, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom;
Christina ReithClinical Trial Service Unit and Epidemiological Studies Unit, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom;
Lawrence AgodoaNational Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland;
Alan CassMenzies School of Health Research, Charles Darwin University, Darwin, Northern Territory, Australia;
Jonathan C CraigSydney School of Public Health, Children's Hospital at Westmead, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia;
Dick de ZeeuwDepartment of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacology, University of Groningen, University Medical Centre Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands;
Bo Feldt-RasmussenRigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark;
Bengt FellströmUniversity Hospital, Uppsala, Sweden;
Adeera LevinUniversity of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada;
David C WheelerUniversity College London, London, United Kingdom; and.
Rob WalkerDunedin School of Medicine, University of Otago, Otago, New Zealand.
William G HerringtonClinical Trial Service Unit and Epidemiological Studies Unit, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom;
Colin BaigentClinical Trial Service Unit and Epidemiological Studies Unit, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom;
Martin J LandrayClinical Trial Service Unit and Epidemiological Studies Unit, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom; sharpclinical@ctsu.ox.ac.uk.
SHARP Collaborative Group
SHARP Collaborative Group

Funding

British Heart FoundationMedical Research Council MC_EX_G0801669Medical Research Council MC_U137686853
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Lowering LDL cholesterol reduces the risk of developing atherosclerotic events in CKD, but the effects of such treatment on progression of kidney disease remain uncertain. Here, 6245 participants with CKD (not on dialysis) were randomly assigned to simvastatin (20 mg) plus ezetimibe (10 mg) daily or matching placebo. The main prespecified renal outcome was ESRD (defined as the initiation of maintenance dialysis or kidney transplantation). During 4.8 years of follow-up, allocation to simvastatin plus ezetimibe resulted in an average LDL cholesterol difference (SEM) of 0.96 (0.02) mmol/L compared with placebo. There was a nonsignificant 3% reduction in the incidence of ESRD (1057 [33.9%] cases with simvastatin plus ezetimibe versus 1084 [34.6%] cases with placebo; rate ratio, 0.97; 95% confidence interval [95% CI], 0.89 to 1.05; P=0.41). Similarly, allocation to simvastatin plus ezetimibe had no significant effect on the prespecified tertiary outcomes of ESRD or death (1477 [47.4%] events with treatment versus 1513 [48.3%] events with placebo; rate ratio, 0.97; 95% CI, 0.90 to 1.04; P=0.34) or ESRD or doubling of baseline creatinine (1189 [38.2%] events with treatment versus 1257 [40.2%] events with placebo; rate ratio, 0.93; 95% CI, 0.86 to 1.01; P=0.09). Exploratory analyses also showed no significant effect on the rate of change in eGFR. Lowering LDL cholesterol by 1 mmol/L did not slow kidney disease progression within 5 years in a wide range of patients with CKD.

Indexed as

AgedAnticholesteremic AgentsAzetidinesCholesterol, LDLDisease ProgressionDrug Therapy, CombinationEzetimibeFemaleFollow-Up StudiesHumansIncidenceKidney Failure, ChronicKidney TransplantationMaleMiddle AgedRenal DialysisAnticholesteremic AgentsAzetidinesCholesterol, LDLEzetimibeSimvastatin

Identifiers

PMID24790178
PMCPMC4116066

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.