Observational studyClinical journal of the American Society of Nephrology : CJASN2014
The relationship between IL-10 levels and cardiovascular events in patients with CKD.
Observational study in Clinical journal of the American Society of Nephrology : CJASN, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 36 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
36 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 62 citations in OpenAlex.
- Imbalance of helper T cell type 1, helper T cell type 2 and associated cytokines in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus: A meta-analysis.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2022Pooled it
- Cardiovascular disease risk factors in chronic kidney disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis.PloS one · 2018Pooled it
- Caffeine supplementation induces higher IL-6 and IL-10 plasma levels in response to a treadmill exercise test.Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition · 2020Trial
- Inflammation as a therapeutic target to improve kidney and cardiovascular outcomes.Nature reviews. Nephrology · 2026Review
- Metabolomic Signatures of Inflammation in Chronic Kidney Disease.Kidney medicine · 2026Article
- Increased inflammation burden index increasing the risk of poor prognosis in patients with chronic kidney disease in NHANES study.Renal failure · 2025Article
- Effect of Hepatitis C Virus Infection on Liver Function, T Cell Immunity, and Mortality Risk in Maintenance Hemodialysis Patients.Malawi medical journal : the journal of Medical Association of Malawi · 2025Article
- Association of thrombomodulin with the severity of chronic kidney disease: a cross-sectional study.BMC nephrology · 2025Article
- Pentraxin-3 and Outcomes in CKD: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.Kidney medicine · 2024Article
- Inflammation in Heart Failure-Future Perspectives.Journal of clinical medicine · 2023Review
- Article
- Effects of Short- And Medium-Term Exposures to Lower Air Temperature on 71 Novel Biomarkers of Subclinical Inflammation: Results from the KORA F4 Study.Environmental science & technology · 2023Article
- Roxadustat alleviates the inflammatory status in patients receiving maintenance hemodialysis with erythropoiesis-stimulating agent resistance by increasing the short-chain fatty acids producing gut bacteria.European journal of medical research · 2023Article
- ADAM10 and ADAM17, Major Regulators of Chronic Kidney Disease Induced Atherosclerosis?International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- Endothelial Cell Dysfunction and Increased Cardiovascular Risk in Patients With Chronic Kidney Disease.Circulation research · 2023Review
- Serum Cytokines as Biomarkers in Heart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction and Sleep Apnea: A Prospective Cohort Study.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Circulating levels of cytokines and risk of cardiovascular disease: a Mendelian randomization study.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Article
- Expression of the inflammasome components and its relationship with cardiovascular risk markers in people living with HIV-1Biomedica : revista del Instituto Nacional de Salud · 2022Article
- Exhausted PD-1Frontiers in immunology · 2022Article
- Impact of presymptomatic COVID-19 on vascular and skeletal muscle function: a case study.Journal of applied physiology (Bethesda, Md. : 1985) · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
13 authors at 5 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND
objectivesCardiovascular disease is the leading cause of death in patients with CKD. IL-10 is considered an antiatherosclerotic cytokine. However, previous studies have failed to observe an association between IL-10 and cardiovascular disease in CKD. This study aimed to evaluate whether serum IL-10 levels were associated with the risk of cardiovascular events in CKD patients. DESIGN, SETTING, PARTICIPANTS, & MEASUREMENTS: Four hundred three patients with stages 1-5 CKD were followed for a mean of 38 (range=2-42) months for fatal and nonfatal cardiovascular events. IL-10 and IL-6 were measured at baseline together with surrogates of endothelial function (flow-mediated dilatation) and proinflammatory markers (high-sensitivity C-reactive protein and pentraxin-3). The association between IL-10 and flow-mediated dilatation through linear regression analyses was evaluated. The association between IL-10 and the risk of cardiovascular events was assessed with Cox regression analysis.
resultsIL-10, IL-6, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein, and pentraxin-3 levels were higher among participants with lower eGFR. Both fatal (25 of 200 versus 6 of 203 patients) and combined fatal and nonfatal (106 of 200 versus 23 of 203 patients) cardiovascular events were more common in patients with IL-10 concentration above the median. Flow-mediated dilatation was significantly lower in patients with higher serum IL-10 levels, but IL-10 was not associated with flow-mediated dilatation in multivariate analysis. Kaplan-Meier survival curves showed that patients with IL-10 below the median value (<21.5 pg/ml) had higher cumulative survival compared with patients who had IL-10 levels above the median value (log-rank test, P<0.001).
conclusionsIL-10 levels increase along with the reduction of kidney function. Higher serum IL-10 levels were associated with the risk of cardiovascular events during follow-up. We speculate that higher IL-10 levels in this context signify an overall proinflammatory milieu.
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