ArticleBreast cancer research and treatment2014
Racial disparities in initiation of adjuvant endocrine therapy of early breast cancer.
Article in Breast cancer research and treatment, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 52 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
52 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 67 citations in OpenAlex.
- Racial Differences in Breast Cancer Survival Between Black and White Women According to Tumor Subtype: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Journal of clinical oncology : official journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology · 2024Pooled it
- A systematic review of interventions to improve adherence to endocrine therapy.Breast cancer research and treatment · 2019Pooled it
- Racial/Ethnic and socioeconomic disparities in endocrine therapy adherence in breast cancer: a systematic review.American journal of public health · 2015Pooled it
- Assessing racial disparities in disease outcomes of patients with high-risk, triple-negative breast cancer and residual disease after neoadjuvant therapy: a post-hoc analysis of the ECOG-ACRIN 1131 clinical trial.Breast cancer research and treatment · 2025Trial
- Race and clinical outcomes in hormone receptor-positive, HER2-negative, node-positive breast cancer in the randomized RxPONDER trial.Journal of the National Cancer Institute · 2025Trial
- Can patient navigation improve receipt of recommended breast cancer care? Evidence from the National Patient Navigation Research Program.Journal of clinical oncology : official journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology · 2014Trial
- Self-reported racial and ethnic discrimination in patient-provider interactions and the initiation of adjuvant therapies for breast cancer in the pathways study.Breast cancer research and treatment · 2026Article
- Real-world treatment patterns among patients diagnosed with hormone receptor-positive metastatic breast cancer in the USA.British journal of clinical pharmacology · 2025Observational
- Improving adjuvant endocrine therapy initiation among patients with breast cancer: a nurse-led, culturally sensitive pilot study.Breast cancer research and treatment · 2025Article
- Implementing motivational interviewing to improve endocrine therapy adherence among breast cancer patients: a qualitative process evaluation of the getset pilot intervention.Cancer causes & control : CCC · 2025Article
- Endocrine therapy initiation among women diagnosed with ductal carcinoma in situ from 2001 to 2018.Breast cancer research and treatment · 2024Article
- Catchment area and cancer population health research through a novel population-based statewide database: a scoping review.JNCI cancer spectrum · 2024Article
- Differences in 21-Gene and PAM50 Recurrence Scores in Younger and Black Women With Breast Cancer.JCO precision oncology · 2024Article
- Simulating the population impact of interventions to reduce racial gaps in breast cancer treatment.Journal of the National Cancer Institute · 2024Article
- Economic Hardship and Associated Factors of Women With Early-Stage Breast Cancer Prior to Chemotherapy Initiation.Clinical breast cancer · 2024Article
- Article
- Racial and regional disparities in deaths in breast cancer.Medical oncology (Northwood, London, England) · 2023Article
- Use of endocrine therapy for estrogen receptor-positive breast cancer among American Indians and Alaska natives.Breast cancer research and treatment · 2023Review
- Survival Disparities in US Black Compared to White Women with Hormone Receptor Positive-HER2 Negative Breast Cancer.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2023Review
- Reduced racial disparity in receipt of optimal locoregional treatment for women with early-stage breast cancer.PloS one · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Endocrine therapy (ET) is the cornerstone of adjuvant therapy for hormone-receptor positive (HR+) breast cancer. The survival gap between African-American (AA) and white women with breast cancer is most pronounced in HR+ subtypes, and could be related to differences in ET use. The relationship between race and initiation of ET is not well defined. We investigated patterns of ET initiation by race in a diverse cohort of women covered by commercial health insurance. We identified 2,640 women with incident HR+ breast cancer in the North Carolina Central Cancer Registry whose records linked to commercial insurance claims using the Integrated Cancer Information and Surveillance System (ICISS) database. The sample included women age <65 years diagnosed with stage I-III HR+ cancers between 2004 and 2009. We used multivariate Poisson regression to examine the effect of race on likelihood of initiating ET. 14 % of women did not initiate ET within 12 months of diagnosis. AA women were 17 % less likely to initiate ET than whites (aRR 0.83, 95 % CI 0.74-0.93). When analyzed by subset, racial disparities persisted among women who received chemotherapy (aHR 0.67, 95 % CI 0.56-0.80) but not among women who did not receive chemotherapy (aHR 0.96, 95 % CI 0.76-1.21). AA women in our sample were less likely to initiate ET than whites, and this disparity was concentrated among chemotherapy-treated women. ET under-utilization may contribute to the racial survival gap in HR+ breast cancer, and represents an opportunity for intervention to reduce breast cancer disparities.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.