SynthesisDiabetologia2014
Breast-feeding and maternal risk of type 2 diabetes: a prospective study and meta-analysis.
Synthesis in Diabetologia, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 51 papers, 6 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
51 citing papers in PubMed, 6 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Workplace programmes for supporting breast-feeding: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Public health nutrition · 2021Pooled it
- Duration of Lactation and Maternal Risk of Metabolic Syndrome: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Nutrients · 2020Pooled it
- Association of Maternal Lactation With Diabetes and Hypertension: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.JAMA network open · 2019Pooled it
- Potential protective effect of lactation against incidence of type 2 diabetes mellitus in women with previous gestational diabetes mellitus: A systematic review and meta-analysis.Diabetes/metabolism research and reviews · 2017Pooled it
- A meta-analysis of breastfeeding and osteoporotic fracture risk in the females.Osteoporosis international : a journal established as result of cooperation between the European Foundation for Osteoporosis and the National Osteoporosis Foundation of the USA · 2017Pooled it
- Breastfeeding and thyroid cancer risk in women: A dose-response meta-analysis of epidemiological studies.Clinical nutrition (Edinburgh, Scotland) · 2016Pooled it
- Improving Breastfeeding by Empowering Mothers in Vietnam: A Randomised Controlled Trial of a Mobile App.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2020Trial
- One year after gestational diabetes: metabolic changes and predictors of postpartum dysglycaemia.Acta diabetologica · 2026Review
- Diet, Weight Status, and Pregnancy Outcomes Among Native and Migrant Women in Jersey, Channel Islands.Nutrients · 2025Observational
- Breastfeeding was associated with lower risks of maternal postpartum hypertension and diabetes mellitus: A systematic review and meta-analysis.World journal of diabetes · 2025Article
- Lactation and cardiovascular health: A comprehensive review.American heart journal plus : cardiology research and practice · 2025Review
- Article
- Adapting the NIMHD Research Framework for Type 2 Diabetes-Related Disparities.Current diabetes reports · 2025Review
- The costs of suboptimal breastfeeding in Ontario, Canada, and potential healthcare resource impacts from improving rates: a pediatric health system costing analysis.International breastfeeding journal · 2025Article
- Lipid signature changes of women with gestational diabetes mellitus in response to puerperal exclusive breastfeeding.Journal of diabetes investigation · 2025Article
- Age at Menopause and Development of Type 2 Diabetes in Korea.JAMA network open · 2025Article
- Sex-specific associations between exclusive breastfeeding and postpartum depression in Chinese women.BMC pregnancy and childbirth · 2024Article
- Does Breast Feeding Protect Mothers From Obesity?Cureus · 2024Article
- Maternal Big Five personality traits and breastfeeding outcomes: what we know and what we don't know.Frontiers in public health · 2024Review
- The Effects of Breastfeeding and Gestational Diabetes Mellitus on Body Mass Composition and the Levels of Selected Hormones after Childbirth.Nutrients · 2023Article
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Authors and funding
8 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
aims/hypothesisWe aimed to examine the association between breast-feeding and maternal risk of type 2 diabetes and to investigate whether this association is mediated by anthropometric and biochemical factors.
methodsA case-cohort study nested within the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC)-Potsdam Study between 1994 and 2005 including 1,262 childbearing women (1,059 in a random sub-cohort and 203 incident cases) mainly aged between 35 and 64 years at baseline was applied. Self-reported lifetime duration of breast-feeding was assessed by questionnaire. Blood samples were used for biomarker measurement (HDL-cholesterol, triacylglycerols, C-reactive protein, fetuin-A, γ-glutamyltransferase, adiponectin). A systematic literature search and meta-analysis was conducted of prospective cohort studies investigating breast-feeding and risk of type 2 diabetes.
resultsThe HR for each additional 6 months of breast-feeding was 0.73 (95% CI 0.56, 0.94) in EPIC-Potsdam. Meta-analysis of three previous prospective studies and the current study revealed an inverse association between breast-feeding duration and risk of diabetes (pooled HR for lifetime breast-feeding duration of 6-11 months compared with no breast-feeding 0.89; 95% CI 0.82, 0.97). Adjustment for BMI and waist circumference attenuated the association (HR per six additional months in EPIC-Potsdam 0.80; 95% CI 0.61, 1.04). Further controlling for potentially mediating biomarkers largely explained this association (HR 0.89; 95% CI 0.68, 1.16). CONCLUSIONS/
interpretationLonger duration of breast-feeding may be related to a lower risk of diabetes. This potentially protective effect seems to be reflected by a more favourable metabolic profile; however, the role of body weight as a mediator or confounder remains uncertain.
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