ArticlePloS one2014
Metformin inhibits the IL-6-induced epithelial-mesenchymal transition and lung adenocarcinoma growth and metastasis.
Article in PloS one, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 67 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
67 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 107 citations in OpenAlex.
- Metformin therapy associated with survival benefit in lung cancer patients with diabetes.Oncotarget · 2016 · on this mapPooled it
- The Antidiabetic Metformin as an Adjunct to Antidepressants in Patients with Major Depressive Disorder: A Proof-of-Concept, Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial.Neurotherapeutics : the journal of the American Society for Experimental NeuroTherapeutics · 2020Trial
- Comparison of Metformin Combinations with Other Repurposed Drugs in the Treatment of Hamster Fibrosarcoma: A Review.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Investigating the causal link between metformin and lung cancer risk: a two-sample mendelian randomization analysis.BMC cancer · 2026Article
- Metformin Inhibits the Development of Lung Adenocarcinoma by Regulating the Expression of CCNA2Combinatorial chemistry & high throughput screening · 2026Article
- Review
- The effects of hsa-mir-26a-5p on cell proliferation, migration, and PI3K inhibitor sensitivity in metformin-resistant triple negative breast cancer cells.Turkish journal of biology = Turk biyoloji dergisi · 2025Article
- Metformin and its Nanoformulations in Cancer Prevention and Therapy.Current pharmaceutical design · 2025Review
- Factors Determining Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition in Cancer Progression.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- Can Natural Products Targeting EMT Serve as the Future Anticancer Therapeutics?Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Review
- NANOG regulates epithelial-mesenchymal transition via AMPK/mTOR signalling pathway in ovarian cancer SKOV-3 and A2780 cells.Journal of cellular and molecular medicine · 2022Article
- Association of Elevated Expression Levels ofJournal of personalized medicine · 2022Article
- Metformin Enhances TKI-Afatinib Cytotoxic Effect, Causing Downregulation of Glycolysis, Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition, and EGFR-Signaling Pathway Activation in Lung Cancer Cells.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Circ_001042 Inhibits TGF-Evidence-based complementary and alternative medicine : eCAM · 2022Article
- Ubenimex Combined with Pemetrexed Upregulates SOCS1 to Inhibit Lung Adenocarcinoma Progression via the JAK2-STAT3 Signaling Pathway.Disease markers · 2022Article
- Metformin Synergizes with PD-L1 Monoclonal Antibody Enhancing Tumor Immune Response in Treating Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer and Its Molecular Mechanism Investigation.Evidence-based complementary and alternative medicine : eCAM · 2022Article
- Article
- Low-Dose Metformin as a Monotherapy Does Not Reduce Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer Tumor Burden in Mice.Biomedicines · 2021Article
- The Role of the IL-6 Cytokine Family in Epithelial-Mesenchymal Plasticity in Cancer Progression.International journal of molecular sciences · 2021Review
- Exploring the Crosstalk between Inflammation and Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition in Cancer.Mediators of inflammation · 2021Review
7 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
10 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectiveEpithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) plays an important role in cancer tumorigenesis. However, the underlying mechanisms of EMT in lung adenocarcinoma, and how this process might be inhibited, remain to be explored. This study investigated the role of IL-6 in lung adenocarcinoma cell EMT and explored the potential effects of metformin on this process.
methodsInvasion assay and MTT assay was performed to determine cell invasion and cell proliferation. Western blotting, immunofluorescence, real-time PCR, ELISA, and immunohistochemistry were performed to detect the expression of IL-6, E-cadherin, Vimentin, and p-STAT3.
resultsWe discovered that IL-6, via STAT3 phosphorylation, could promote lung adenocarcinoma cell invasion via EMT in vitro. This was supported by the inverse correlation between E-cadherin and IL-6 expression, positive correlation between IL-6 and vimentin mRNA expression and between STAT3 phosphorylation and IL-6 expression in tumor tissues. Importantly, metformin inhibited tumor growth and distant metastases in tumor-bearing nude mice and reversed IL-6-induced EMT both in vitro and in vivo. Furthermore, we found that blockade of STAT3 phosphorylation might be the underlying mechanism of metformin inhibition of IL-6-induced EMT.
conclusionsCollectively, our present results show that enhanced IL-6 expression, via STAT3 phosphorylation, is a mechanism of EMT in lung adenocarcinoma. We found that metformin could inhibit IL-6-induced EMT possibly by blocking STAT3 phosphorylation.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.