ArticleInternational journal of molecular medicine2014
Simvastatin modulates cellular components in influenza A virus-infected cells.
Article in International journal of molecular medicine, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 33 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
33 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 45 citations in OpenAlex.
- Pooled it
- Viral Induced Oxidative and Inflammatory Response in Alzheimer's Disease Pathogenesis with Identification of Potential Drug Candidates: A Systematic Review using Systems Biology Approach.Current neuropharmacology · 2019Pooled it
- Hypercapnia Increases Influenza A Virus Infection of Bronchial Epithelial Cells by Augmenting Cellular Cholesterol via mTOR and Akt.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- Insights into IAV Replication and Lipid Metabolism in Suspension-Adapted MDCK-STAT1-KO Cells.Vaccines · 2025Article
- Effect of Statins and Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System Inhibitors on IL-6 Levels in COVID-19 Patients.Journal of clinical medicine · 2024Article
- The Roles of Endocytosis and Autophagy at the Cellular Level During Influenza Virus Infection: A Mini-Review.Infection and drug resistance · 2024Review
- Statin Therapy and the Risk of Viral Infection: A Retrospective Population-Based Cohort Study.Journal of clinical medicine · 2022Article
- In vitro anti-influenza assessment of anionic compounds ascorbate, acetate and citrate.Virology journal · 2022Article
- Modulating cholesterol-rich lipid rafts to disrupt influenza A virus infection.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Review
- Autophagy, Unfolded Protein Response, and Neuropilin-1 Cross-Talk in SARS-CoV-2 Infection: What Can Be Learned from Other Coronaviruses.International journal of molecular sciences · 2021Review
- Lipid homeostasis and mevalonate pathway in COVID-19: Basic concepts and potential therapeutic targets.Progress in lipid research · 2021Review
- Statins in patients with COVID-19: a retrospective cohort study in Iranian COVID-19 patients.Translational medicine communications · 2021Article
- Anti-Influenza Activity of the Ribonuclease Binase: Cellular Targets Detected by Quantitative Proteomics.International journal of molecular sciences · 2020Article
- Coronavirus and Cardiometabolic Syndrome: JACC Focus Seminar.Journal of the American College of Cardiology · 2020Review
- Experimental validation and computational modeling of anti-influenza effects of quercetin-3-O-α-L-rhamnopyranoside from indigenous south African medicinal plant Rapanea melanophloeos.BMC complementary and alternative medicine · 2019Article
- The roles of apoptosis, autophagy and unfolded protein response in arbovirus, influenza virus, and HIV infections.Virulence · 2019Review
- Influenza pandemic preparedness: A special challenge for India.The Indian journal of medical research · 2019Article
- Lipophilic statins inhibit Zika virus production in Vero cells.Scientific reports · 2019Article
- Atorvastatin restricts the ability of influenza virus to generate lipid droplets and severely suppresses the replication of the virus.FASEB journal : official publication of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology · 2019Article
- Control of antiviral innate immune response by protein geranylgeranylation.Science advances · 2019Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Influenza A virus is one of the most important health risks that lead to significant respiratory infections. Continuous antigenic changes and lack of promising vaccines are the reasons for the unsuccessful treatment of influenza. Statins are pleiotropic drugs that have recently served as anti-influenza agents due to their anti-inflammatory activity. In this study, the effect of simvastatin on influenza A-infected cells was investigated. Based on the MTT cytotoxicity test, hemagglutination (HA) assay and qPCR it was found that simvastatin maintained cell viability and decreased the viral load significantly as compared to virus-inoculated cells. The expression of important pro-inflammatory cytokines (tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin-6 and interferon-γ), which was quantified using ELISA showed that simvastatin decreased the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines to an average of 2-fold. Furthermore, the modulation of actin filament polymerization was determined using rhodamine staining. Endocytosis and autophagy processes were examined by detecting Rab and RhoA GTPase protein prenylation and LC3 lipidation using western blotting. The results showed that inhibiting GTPase and LC3 membrane localization using simvastatin inhibits influenza replication. Findings of this study provide evidence that modulation of RhoA, Rabs and LC3 may be the underlying mechanisms for the inhibitory effects of simvastatin as an anti-influenza compound.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.