ArticlePloS one2014
Bimatoprost-loaded ocular inserts as sustained release drug delivery systems for glaucoma treatment: in vitro and in vivo evaluation.
Article in PloS one, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 29 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
29 citing papers in PubMed, 83 citations in OpenAlex.
- Use of Bimatoprost Intracameral Implant for the Treatment of Glaucoma: A Focused Narrative Review.Cureus · 2026Review
- Development of Practical Low-Volume Screening Method and Pharmacokinetic Simulation of Levofloxacin-Loaded Nanofiber Inserts for Sustained Ocular Therapy.Pharmaceutics · 2025Article
- Topical Ocular Drug Delivery: The Impact of Permeation Enhancers.Pharmaceutics · 2025Review
- Development and Evaluation of Polymethacrylate-Based Ophthalmic Nanofiber Inserts Containing Dual Drug-Loaded Dorzolamide and Timolol: In Vivo Study in Rabbit's Eye.Biomedicines · 2025Article
- From Eye Care to Hair Growth: Bimatoprost.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- Ocular Delivery of Bimatoprost-Loaded Solid Lipid Nanoparticles for Effective Management of Glaucoma.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Recent Advances of Ocular Drug Delivery Systems: Prominence of Ocular Implants for Chronic Eye Diseases.Pharmaceutics · 2023Review
- Intraocular nano-microscale drug delivery systems for glaucoma treatment: design strategies and recent progress.Journal of nanobiotechnology · 2023Review
- Review
- Recent development of polymer nanomicelles in the treatment of eye diseases.Frontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology · 2023Review
- Aqueous Prostaglandin Eye Drop Formulations.Pharmaceutics · 2022Review
- Unmet needs in glaucoma therapy: The potential role of hydrogen sulfide and its delivery strategies.Journal of controlled release : official journal of the Controlled Release Society · 2022Review
- From the PnTx2-6 Toxin to the PnPP-19 Engineered Peptide: Therapeutic Potential in Erectile Dysfunction, Nociception, and Glaucoma.Frontiers in molecular biosciences · 2022Review
- Chitosan Nanoparticles at the Biological Interface: Implications for Drug Delivery.Pharmaceutics · 2021Review
- Novel Drug Delivery Systems Fighting Glaucoma: Formulation Obstacles and Solutions.Pharmaceutics · 2020Review
- Micelles of Progesterone for Topical Eye Administration: Interspecies and Intertissues Differences in Ex Vivo Ocular Permeability.Pharmaceutics · 2020Article
- PnPP-19 Peptide as a Novel Drug Candidate for Topical Glaucoma Therapy Through Nitric Oxide Release.Translational vision science & technology · 2020Article
- Nanotechnology for Medical and Surgical Glaucoma Therapy-A Review.Advances in therapy · 2020Review
- Ocular Surface Disease and Glaucoma Medications: A Clinical Approach.Eye & contact lens · 2019Review
- Ex vivo rabbit cornea diffusion studies with a soluble insert of moxifloxacin.Drug delivery and translational research · 2018Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
13 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The purpose of the present study was to develop and assess a novel sustained-release drug delivery system of Bimatoprost (BIM). Chitosan polymeric inserts were prepared using the solvent casting method and characterized by swelling studies, infrared spectroscopy, differential scanning calorimetry, drug content, scanning electron microscopy and in vitro drug release. Biodistribution of 99mTc-BIM eye drops and 99mTc-BIM-loaded inserts, after ocular administration in Wistar rats, was accessed by ex vivo radiation counting. The inserts were evaluated for their therapeutic efficacy in glaucomatous Wistar rats. Glaucoma was induced by weekly intracameral injection of hyaluronic acid. BIM-loaded inserts (equivalent to 9.0 µg BIM) were administered once into conjunctival sac, after ocular hypertension confirmation. BIM eye drop was topically instilled in a second group of glaucomatous rats for 15 days days, while placebo inserts were administered once in a third group. An untreated glaucomatous group was used as control. Intraocular pressure (IOP) was monitored for four consecutive weeks after treatment began. At the end of the experiment, retinal ganglion cells and optic nerve head cupping were evaluated in the histological eye sections. Characterization results revealed that the drug physically interacted, but did not chemically react with the polymeric matrix. Inserts sustainedly released BIM in vitro during 8 hours. Biodistribution studies showed that the amount of 99mTc-BIM that remained in the eye was significantly lower after eye drop instillation than after chitosan insert implantation. BIM-loaded inserts lowered IOP for 4 weeks, after one application, while IOP values remained significantly high for the placebo and untreated groups. Eye drops were only effective during the daily treatment period. IOP results were reflected in RGC counting and optic nerve head cupping damage. BIM-loaded inserts provided sustained release of BIM and seem to be a promising system for glaucoma management.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.