ReviewCOPD2014
Oxidative stress and respiratory system: pharmacological and clinical reappraisal of N-acetylcysteine.
Review in COPD, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 55 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
55 citing papers in PubMed, 156 citations in OpenAlex.
- Trial
- Trial
- Observational
- Scheduled Bronchoscopy with Nebulized Heparin and N-Acetylcysteine in Burn Patients with Inhalation Injury: A Randomized Trial.European burn journal · 2026Article
- Involvement of oxidative stress in post-acute sequelae of COVID-19: clinical implications.Redox report : communications in free radical research · 2025Article
- Physiology and pathophysiology of mucus and mucolytic use in critically ill patients.Critical care (London, England) · 2025Review
- N-acetylcysteine in paediatrics: a review of efficacy, safety and dosing strategies in respiratory care.Drugs in context · 2025Review
- Evaluation of In Vitro Biological Activity of Flavanone/Chromanone Derivatives: Molecular Analysis of Anticancer Mechanisms in Colorectal Cancer.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Article
- Imaging Findings and Toxicological Mechanisms of Nervous System Injury Caused by Diquat.Molecular neurobiology · 2024Review
- Anti-Inflammatory and Anti-Oxidant Properties of N-Acetylcysteine: A Fresh Perspective.Journal of clinical medicine · 2024Review
- Ameliorative effect of licorice extract against the detrimental effect of glyphosate-based pesticide: Toxicity and health.Heliyon · 2024Article
- Article
- N-Acetylcysteine and Its Immunomodulatory Properties in Humans and Domesticated Animals.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- Elevated MMP-8 levels, inversely associated with BMI, predict mortality in mechanically ventilated patients: an observational multicenter study.Critical care (London, England) · 2023Article
- Potential Involvement of Oxidative Stress in Ligamentum Flavum Hypertrophy.Journal of clinical medicine · 2023Article
- Oxidative Stress and Antioxidants in Chronic Rhinosinusitis with Nasal Polyps.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- Comparative treatment with hyperbaric oxygen therapy in a model of systemic loxoscelism in rats.Iranian journal of basic medical sciences · 2022Article
- The Problem of Home Therapy during COVID-19 Pandemic in Italy: Government Guidelines versus Freedom of Cure?Journal of pharmacy and pharmacology research · 2022Article
- Lung targeted liposomes for treating ARDS.Journal of controlled release : official journal of the Controlled Release Society · 2022Article
- Ex-vivo mucolytic and anti-inflammatory activity of BromAc in tracheal aspirates from COVID-19.Biomedicine & pharmacotherapy = Biomedecine & pharmacotherapie · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 5 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The large surface area for gas exchange makes the respiratory system particularly susceptible to oxidative stress-mediated injury. Both endogenous and exogenous pro-oxidants (e.g. cigarette smoke) trigger activation of leukocytes and host defenses. These mechanisms interact in a "multilevel cycle" responsible for the control of the oxidant/antioxidant homeostasis. Several studies have demonstrated the presence of increased oxidative stress and decreased antioxidants (e.g. reduced glutathione [GSH]) in subjects with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), but the contribution of oxidative stress to the pathophysiology of COPD is generally only minimally discussed. The aim of this review was to provide a comprehensive overview of the role of oxidative stress in the pathogenesis of respiratory diseases, particularly COPD, and to examine the available clinical and experimental evidence on the use of the antioxidant N-acetylcysteine (NAC), a precursor of GSH, as an adjunct to standard therapy for the treatment of COPD. The proposed concept of "multilevel cycle" helps understand the relationship between respiratory diseases and oxidative stress, thus clarifying the rationale for using NAC in COPD. Until recently, antioxidant drugs such as NAC have been regarded only as mucolytic agents. Nevertheless, several clinical trials indicate that NAC may reduce the rate of COPD exacerbations and improve small airways function. The most plausible explanation for the beneficial effects observed in patients with COPD treated with NAC lies in the mucolytic and antioxidant effects of this drug. Modulation of bronchial inflammation by NAC may further account for these favorable clinical results.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.