Evidence map›Paper›PMID 24786740›Full record

ReviewFertility and sterility2014

Live birth is the correct outcome for clinical trials evaluating therapy for the infertile couple.

Kurt T Barnhart

Abstract readReview
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Review in Fertility and sterility, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 37 papers, 11 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
37citing papers in PubMed, 11 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

37 citing papers in PubMed, 11 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.

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  12. Trial
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  15. Article
  16. Ovarian reserve testing: assessing oocyte quantity and quality.Journal of assisted reproduction and genetics · 2026
    Review
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

1 author.

Kurt T BarnhartDivision of Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. Electronic address: kbarnhart@obgyn.upenn.edu.

Funding

Midcareer investigator award in patient oriented researchK24HD060687 · NICHD · UNIVERSITY OF PENNSYLVANIA · PI BARNHART, KURT T · 2009 to 2014
$956k
NICHD NIH HHS K24 HD060687
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Well-designed and -conducted clinical trials are needed to further advance the field for reproductive medicine. However, current reporting of outcomes of trials is ambiguous and disparate. In this review it is offered that the preferred outcome for clinical trials in reproductive medicine should be live birth. Multiple births should be listed, and it should be specified whether this is multiple births per couple or multiple births per conception. The unit of measure should be women (or couples) and not cycles. The duration of exposure should also be clearly identified (i.e., treatment was one cycle, a prespecified number of cycles, or a period of time). Pregnancy loss should be specified, and the denominator should be those who conceived. Although live birth is the primary outcome, complications should be defined and reported, including multiple births and other objective markers, such as preterm delivery, small-for-gestational age, or stillbirth.

Indexed as

Family CharacteristicsLive BirthClinical Trials as TopicFemaleHumansInfant, NewbornInfertilityMalePregnancyReproductive MedicineTreatment Outcomeclinical trialInfertilitylive birthoutcome

Identifiers

PMID24786740
PMCPMC4040520

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceTDM
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.