ReviewJournal of interferon & cytokine research : the official journal of the International Society for Interferon and Cytokine Research2014
IFN-λ4: the paradoxical new member of the interferon lambda family.
Review in Journal of interferon & cytokine research : the official journal of the International Society for Interferon and Cytokine Research, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 88 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
88 citing papers in PubMed.
- Reduced ITPase activity and favorable IL28B genetic variant protect against ribavirin-induced anemia in interferon-free regimens.PloS one · 2018Trial
- Review
- Duck IFNγ Restricts Duck Tembusu Virus Replication by Disrupting Viral RNA Synthesis/Translation.Veterinary sciences · 2026Article
- IFN-λ4 Exhibits Differential Induction and Antiviral Activity in RSV and HMPV Infections.Viruses · 2026Article
- Expression of Interleukin 23 and Interleukin 28 in Mucinous & Non-Mucinous Colorectal Carcinoma and Their Relation to Clinicopathological Features and Prognosis.Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention : APJCP · 2025Article
- Association of IFNL4 and IFITM3 Genetic Variants with Susceptibility to HCV-Related Liver Cirrhosis and Hepatocellular Carcinoma.Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention : APJCP · 2025Article
- The common genetic variant rs1278960 determining expression of Interferon-lambda predicts inflammatory response in critically ill COVID-19 patients.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Interferon and immunity: the role of microRNA in viral evasion strategies.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- Signaling molecules in the microenvironment of hepatocellular carcinoma.Functional & integrative genomics · 2024Review
- Review
- In search of a function for human type III interferons: insights from inherited and acquired deficits.Current opinion in immunology · 2024Review
- Variants ofGenes · 2023Article
- Journal of interferon & cytokine research : the official journal of the International Society for Interferon and Cytokine Research · 2023Article
- The Interferon-Lambda Family Celebrates 20 Years of Scientific Discovery.Journal of interferon & cytokine research : the official journal of the International Society for Interferon and Cytokine Research · 2023Article
- Unlocking STING as a Therapeutic Antiviral Strategy.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- Influence of Canonical and Non-Canonical IFNLR1 Isoform Expression on Interferon Lambda Signaling.Viruses · 2023Article
- No Association of IFNL4 Genotype With Opportunistic Infections and Cancers Among Men With Human Immunodeficiency Virus 1 Infection.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2023Article
- Association of Interferon Lambda 3 and 4 Gene SNPs and Their Expression with COVID-19 Disease Severity: A Cross-Sectional Study.Infection and drug resistance · 2023Article
- Investigation of the anti-pseudorabies virus activity of interferon lambda 3 in cultured porcine kidney epithelial cells.Veterinary medicine and science · 2022Article
- Distribution ofMicroorganisms · 2022Article
28 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Interferons (IFNs) are generally considered antiviral cytokines, yet the newly discovered IFN-λ4 is linked with the failure to clear hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection either spontaneously or in response to treatment. IFN-λ4 can be generated only by individuals who carry the IFNL4-ΔG allele (rs368234815), which is the strongest known host factor for predicting clearance of HCV. The ancestral IFNL4-ΔG allele is the major variant in Africans while the minor variant in Asians, suggesting very strong negative genetic selection for this allele-most likely driven by an infectious agent other than HCV. IFN-λ4 most closely resembles IFN-λ3, but these proteins share only 29% amino-acid identity, and, in contrast to IFN-λ3, IFN-λ4 is only weakly secreted. Nevertheless, IFN-λ4 signals through the IFN-λ receptor complex and induces expression of IFN-stimulated genes via the Janus kinase-signal transducer and activator of transcription signaling pathway. Although the IFNL4-ΔG variant is strongly associated with the failure to clear HCV infection, HCV-infected patients who carry this allele have lower baseline HCV RNA levels in the absence of treatment. Resolving the paradoxical functions of IFN-λ4, which appears to induce antiviral activity yet impair effective clearance of HCV, may yield critical new insights into the immunologic response to HCV infection and IFN biology.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.