ReviewEchocardiography (Mount Kisco, N.Y.)2014
Left ventricular ejection fraction and volumes: it depends on the imaging method.
Review in Echocardiography (Mount Kisco, N.Y.), 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 100 papers, 5 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
100 citing papers in PubMed, 5 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Practical guidance for echocardiography for cancer therapy-related cardiac dysfunction: 2026 focused update.Journal of echocardiography · 2026Guideline
- Interplay between frailty and cardiometabolic disorders: from pathophysiology to clinical implications.Cardiovascular diabetology · 2025Pooled it
- Subclinical Myocardial Dysfunction Assessment Using Speckle Tracking Echocardiography in Patients With Psoriasis: A Pilot Meta-Analysis.Clinical cardiology · 2024Pooled it
- Validating real-time three-dimensional echocardiography against cardiac magnetic resonance, for the determination of ventricular mass, volume and ejection fraction: a meta-analysis.Clinical research in cardiology : official journal of the German Cardiac Society · 2024Pooled it
- Deformation imaging to assess global and regional effects of cardiac regenerative therapy in ischaemic heart disease: A systematic review.Journal of tissue engineering and regenerative medicine · 2019Pooled it
- Geometric Changes in Mitral Valve Apparatus during Long-term Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy as Assessed with Cardiac CT.Radiology. Cardiothoracic imaging · 2024Trial
- Trial
- Using three-dimensional echocardiography to guide left ventricle lead position in cardiac resynchronization therapy: does it make any difference.Journal of interventional cardiac electrophysiology : an international journal of arrhythmias and pacing · 2017Trial
- Left ventricular ejection fraction and presence of myocardial necrosis assessed by cardiac magnetic resonance imaging correctly risk stratify patients with stable coronary artery disease: a multi-center all-comers trial.Clinical research in cardiology : official journal of the German Cardiac Society · 2017Trial
- Comparison of AI-enabled cardiac chambers volumetry based on non-gated chest CT scans with echocardiography: An AI-CVD study within the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA).American journal of preventive cardiology · 2027Article
- Left ventricular deformation in chronic schizophrenia-a detailed analysis from the three-dimensional speckle-tracking echocardiographic MAGYAR-Path Study.Quantitative imaging in medicine and surgery · 2026Article
- Real-time deep learning interpretation of echocardiographic video for automated detection of anatomical features associated with tetralogy of fallot in pediatric patients : a feasibility study.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Increased left ventricular remodelling index in paradoxical low-flow severe aortic stenosis with preserved left ventricular ejection fraction compared to normal-flow severe aortic stenosis.Singapore medical journal · 2026Article
- Multimodality Cardiovascular Imaging in Patients After Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting: Diagnosis and Risk Stratification.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Comparison of clinical outcomes in patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction among preserved, mid-range, and reduced ejection fraction.Heart and vessels · 2025Article
- Left ventricular rotational abnormalities in adult patients with congenital heart disease late after Fontan procedure: detailed analysis from the CSONGRAD Registry and MAGYAR-Path Study.Cardiovascular diagnosis and therapy · 2025Article
- Left ventricular systolic longitudinal strain in mechanically ventilated patients in the intensive care unit: assessment of global and chamber reproducibility.Intensive care medicine experimental · 2025Article
- Prognostic impact of prior LVEF in patients with heart failure with mildly reduced ejection fraction.Clinical research in cardiology : official journal of the German Cardiac Society · 2025Article
- Self-supervised learning for label-free segmentation in cardiac ultrasound.Nature communications · 2025Article
- Intraoperative Transesophageal Echocardiography Quantification of Mitral Regurgitation by Regurgitation Volume and Fraction Using 2D and 3D Techniques.Annals of cardiac anaesthesia · 2025Observational
40 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND
methodsIn order to provide guidance for using measurements of left ventricular (LV) volume and ejection fraction (LVEF) from different echocardiographic methods a PubMed review was performed on studies that reported reference values in normal populations for two-dimensional (2D ECHO) and three-dimensional (3D ECHO) echocardiography, nuclear imaging, cardiac computed tomography, and cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (CMR). In addition all studies (2 multicenter, 16 single center) were reviewed, which included at least 30 patients, and the results compared of noncontrast and contrast 2D ECHO, and 3D ECHO with those of CMR.
resultsThe lower limits for normal LVEF and the normal ranges for end-diastolic (EDV) and end-systolic (ESV) volumes were different in each method. Only minor differences in LVEF were found in studies comparing CMR and 2D contrast echocardiography or noncontrast 3D echocardiography. However, EDV and ESV measured with all echocardiographic methods were smaller and showed greater variability than those derived from CMR. Regarding agreement with CMR and reproducibility, all studies showed superiority of contrast 2D ECHO over noncontrast 2D ECHO and 3D ECHO over 2D ECHO. No final judgment can be made about the comparison between contrast 2D ECHO and noncontrast or contrast 3D ECHO.
conclusionContrast 2D ECHO and noncontrast 3D ECHO show good reproducibility and good agreement with CMR measurements of LVEF. The agreement of volumes is worse. Further studies are required to assess the clinical value of contrast 3D ECHO as noncontrast 3D ECHO is only reliable in patients with good acoustic windows.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.