ArticlePLoS neglected tropical diseases2014
Evaluation of antiviral efficacy of ribavirin, arbidol, and T-705 (favipiravir) in a mouse model for Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever.
Article in PLoS neglected tropical diseases, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 99 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
99 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 176 citations in OpenAlex.
- An overview of the safety, clinical application and antiviral research of the COVID-19 therapeutics.Journal of infection and public health · 2020Pooled it
- Ribavirin for treating Crimean Congo haemorrhagic fever.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2018Pooled it
- Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever in pregnancy: A systematic review and case series from Russia, Kazakhstan and Turkey.International journal of infectious diseases : IJID : official publication of the International Society for Infectious Diseases · 2017Pooled it
- Clinical effect and antiviral mechanism of T-705 in treating severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome.Signal transduction and targeted therapy · 2021Trial
- Side-by-side evaluation of two Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus isolates in IFNARNpj viruses · 2026Article
- Identification of cellular ion channels that facilitate Hazara nairovirus infection enables selection of clinically approved compounds with anti-nairoviral properties.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Review
- Inhibitory effects of molnupiravir on Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus polymerase.NAR molecular medicine · 2026Article
- Adhirons are efficient tools to guide antiviral ligand discovery.Communications biology · 2025Article
- Viral hijacking of host DDX60 promotes Crimean-Congo haemorrhagic fever virus replication via G-quadruplex unwinding.PLoS pathogens · 2025Article
- A case report and mini-review of Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever with encephalitis: an unexpected complication.Journal of neurovirology · 2025Review
- The emergence of oropouche fever: A potential new threat?New microbes and new infections · 2025Article
- Two Human Cases of Fatal Meningoencephalitis Associated with Potosi and Lone Star Virus Infections, United States, 2020-2023.Emerging infectious diseases · 2025Article
- Puumala orthohantavirus: prevalence, biology, disease, animal models and recent advances in therapeutics development and structural biology.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- Comparative Preclinical Pharmacokinetics and Disposition of Favipiravir Following Pulmonary and Oral Administration as Potential Adjunct Therapy Against Airborne RNA Viruses.Pharmaceutical research · 2024Article
- Antibodies targeting the Crimean-Congo Hemorrhagic Fever Virus nucleoprotein protect via TRIM21.Nature communications · 2024Article
- Antiviral activity of vitamin D derivatives against severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus in vitro and in vivo.Virologica Sinica · 2024Article
- Emerging and reemerging infectious diseases: global trends and new strategies for their prevention and control.Signal transduction and targeted therapy · 2024Review
- Crimean-Congo Hemorrhagic Fever Virus: An Emerging Threat in Europe with a Focus on Epidemiology in Spain.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- N4-Hydroxycytidine/molnupiravir inhibits RNA virus-induced encephalitis by producing less fit mutated viruses.PLoS pathogens · 2024Article
39 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
11 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundMice lacking the type I interferon receptor (IFNAR-/- mice) reproduce relevant aspects of Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever (CCHF) in humans, including liver damage. We aimed at characterizing the liver pathology in CCHF virus-infected IFNAR-/- mice by immunohistochemistry and employed the model to evaluate the antiviral efficacy of ribavirin, arbidol, and T-705 against CCHF virus. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL
findingsCCHF virus-infected IFNAR-/- mice died 2-6 days post infection with elevated aminotransferase levels and high virus titers in blood and organs. Main pathological alteration was acute hepatitis with extensive bridging necrosis, reactive hepatocyte proliferation, and mild to moderate inflammatory response with monocyte/macrophage activation. Virus-infected and apoptotic hepatocytes clustered in the necrotic areas. Ribavirin, arbidol, and T-705 suppressed virus replication in vitro by ≥3 log units (IC50 0.6-2.8 µg/ml; IC90 1.2-4.7 µg/ml). Ribavirin [100 mg/(kg×d)] did not increase the survival rate of IFNAR-/- mice, but prolonged the time to death (p<0.001) and reduced the aminotransferase levels and the virus titers. Arbidol [150 mg/(kg×d)] had no efficacy in vivo. Animals treated with T-705 at 1 h [15, 30, and 300 mg/(kg×d)] or up to 2 days [300 mg/(kg×d)] post infection survived, showed no signs of disease, and had no virus in blood and organs. Co-administration of ribavirin and T-705 yielded beneficial rather than adverse effects. CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE: Activated hepatic macrophages and monocyte-derived cells may play a role in the proinflammatory cytokine response in CCHF. Clustering of infected hepatocytes in necrotic areas without marked inflammation suggests viral cytopathic effects. T-705 is highly potent against CCHF virus in vitro and in vivo. Its in vivo efficacy exceeds that of the current standard drug for treatment of CCHF, ribavirin.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.