ArticleFrontiers in physiology2014
Breakpoints in ventilation, cerebral and muscle oxygenation, and muscle activity during an incremental cycling exercise.
Article in Frontiers in physiology, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 44 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
44 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 75 citations in OpenAlex.
- Agreement Between Heart Rate Variability - Derived vs. Ventilatory and Lactate Thresholds: A Systematic Review with Meta-Analyses.Sports medicine - open · 2024Pooled it
- Cerebral and muscle tissue oxygenation during exercise in healthy adults: A systematic review.Journal of sport and health science · 2024Pooled it
- Experiment protocols for brain-body imaging of locomotion: A systematic review.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2023Pooled it
- Muscle Oximetry in Sports Science: A Systematic Review.Sports medicine (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2018Pooled it
- Acute physiological responses of blood flow restriction between high-intensity interval repetitions in trained cyclists.European journal of sport science · 2024Trial
- Effect of caffeine on muscle oxygen saturation during short-term all-out exercise: a double-blind randomized crossover study.European journal of nutrition · 2022Trial
- Individual cardiovascular responsiveness to work-matched exercise within the moderate- and severe-intensity domains.European journal of applied physiology · 2021Trial
- Acute caffeine intake increases muscle oxygen saturation during a maximal incremental exercise test.British journal of clinical pharmacology · 2020Trial
- Swimming training sets across intensity domains: physiological responses beyond lactate concentration and internal load.European journal of applied physiology · 2026Article
- Effect of hypoxia on muscle activation at equivalent absolute and relative intensity during incremental and constant load exercise to task failure.Experimental physiology · 2026Article
- Muscle oxygen saturation plateau: Definition and verification in different oxygen availability conditions in locomotor and non-locomotor muscles.Experimental physiology · 2026Article
- Characteristics of Muscle Oxygenation of the Upper and Lower Limb During Moderate-Intensity Upper Limb Crank Exercise: A Near-Infrared Spectroscopy Study.Advances in experimental medicine and biology · 2026Article
- Is the FIFA 11+ Warm-Up Effective for Inducing Acute Knee Adaptations in Recreational Soccer Players?Journal of functional morphology and kinesiology · 2025Article
- Reliability of Muscle Oxygen Saturation for Evaluating Exercise Intensity and Knee Joint Load Indicators.Journal of functional morphology and kinesiology · 2025Article
- The relationship and agreement between systemic and local breakpoints in locomotor and non-locomotor muscles during single-leg cycling.Frontiers in physiology · 2025Article
- Profiles of muscle-specific oxygenation responses and thresholds during graded cycling incremental test.European journal of applied physiology · 2025Article
- Comparing the reliability of muscle oxygen saturation with common performance and physiological markers across cycling exercise intensity.Frontiers in sports and active living · 2023Article
- The relationship of muscle oxygen saturation analyzer with other monitoring and quantification tools in a maximal incremental treadmill test.Frontiers in physiology · 2023Article
- COVID-19 and aerobic exercise: possible role of angiotensin converting enzyme 2.Archives of public health = Archives belges de sante publique · 2022Article
- Muscle Oxygen Saturation Breakpoints Reflect Ventilatory Thresholds in Both Cycling and Running.Journal of human kinetics · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors at 3 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The aim of this study was to locate the breakpoints of cerebral and muscle oxygenation and muscle electrical activity during a ramp exercise in reference to the first and second ventilatory thresholds. Twenty-five cyclists completed a maximal ramp test on an electromagnetically braked cycle-ergometer with a rate of increment of 25 W/min. Expired gazes (breath-by-breath), prefrontal cortex and vastus lateralis (VL) oxygenation [Near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS)] together with electromyographic (EMG) Root Mean Square (RMS) activity for the VL, rectus femoris (RF), and biceps femoris (BF) muscles were continuously assessed. There was a non-linear increase in both cerebral deoxyhemoglobin (at 56 ± 13% of the exercise) and oxyhemoglobin (56 ± 8% of exercise) concomitantly to the first ventilatory threshold (57 ± 6% of exercise, p > 0.86, Cohen's d < 0.1). Cerebral deoxyhemoglobin further increased (87 ± 10% of exercise) while oxyhemoglobin reached a plateau/decreased (86 ± 8% of exercise) after the second ventilatory threshold (81 ± 6% of exercise, p < 0.05, d > 0.8). We identified one threshold only for muscle parameters with a non-linear decrease in muscle oxyhemoglobin (78 ± 9% of exercise), attenuation in muscle deoxyhemoglobin (80 ± 8% of exercise), and increase in EMG activity of VL (89 ± 5% of exercise), RF (82 ± 14% of exercise), and BF (85 ± 9% of exercise). The thresholds in BF and VL EMG activity occurred after the second ventilatory threshold (p < 0.05, d > 0.6). Our results suggest that the metabolic and ventilatory events characterizing this latter cardiopulmonary threshold may affect both cerebral and muscle oxygenation levels, and in turn, muscle recruitment responses.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.