Evidence map›Paper›PMID 24780090›Full record

SynthesisThe British journal of nutrition2014

LDL-cholesterol-lowering effect of plant sterols and stanols across different dose ranges: a meta-analysis of randomised controlled studies.

Rouyanne T Ras, Johanna M Geleijnse, Elke A Trautwein

Registry-linked trialAbstract readComparative StudyMeta-Analysis
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Synthesis in The British journal of nutrition, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT03134235 (A 4-week Defined, Raw, Plant-based Diet Improves Anthropometric, Hemodynamic, and Other Cardiovascular Risk Factors), which is not on this map. Cited by 126 papers, 10 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
126citing papers in PubMed, 10 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT03134235 nacompletednot on this mapstarted 2017, after this paper: background citation

A 4-week Defined, Raw, Plant-based Diet Improves Anthropometric, Hemodynamic, and Other Cardiovascular Risk Factors

TypeinterventionalSponsorTexas Woman's UniversityRan2017 to 2017Enrolled33ConditionsHypertension, Elevated Cholesterol, Overweight and ObesityArmsDietary Intervention
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

126 citing papers in PubMed, 10 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.

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66 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors.

Rouyanne T RasUnilever R&D Vlaardingen,Olivier van Noortlaan 120, PO Box 114,3130 ACVlaardingen,The Netherlands.
Johanna M GeleijnseDivision of Human Nutrition, Wageningen University,Bomenweg 2,6703 HDWageningen,The Netherlands.
Elke A TrautweinUnilever R&D Vlaardingen,Olivier van Noortlaan 120, PO Box 114,3130 ACVlaardingen,The Netherlands.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Phytosterols (PS, comprising plant sterols and plant stanols) have been proven to lower LDL-cholesterol concentrations. The dose-response relationship for this effect has been evaluated in several meta-analyses by calculating averages for different dose ranges or by applying continuous dose-response functions. Both approaches have advantages and disadvantages. So far, the calculation of averages for different dose ranges has not been done for plant sterols and stanols separately. The objective of the present meta-analysis was to investigate the combined and separate effects of plant sterols and stanols when classified into different dose ranges. Studies were searched and selected based on predefined criteria. Relevant data were extracted. Average LDL-cholesterol effects were calculated when studies were categorised by dose, according to random-effects models while using the variance as weighing factor. This was done for plant sterols and stanols combined and separately. In total, 124 studies (201 strata) were included. Plant sterols and stanols were administered in 129 and fifty-nine strata, respectively; the remaining used a mix of both. The average PS dose was 2.1 (range 0.2-9.0) g/d. PS intakes of 0.6-3.3 g/d were found to gradually reduce LDL-cholesterol concentrations by, on average, 6-12%. When plant sterols and stanols were analysed separately, clear and comparable dose-response relationships were observed. Studies carried out with PS doses exceeding 4 g/d were not pooled, as these were scarce and scattered across a wide range of doses. In conclusion, the LDL-cholesterol-lowering effect of both plant sterols and stanols continues to increase up to intakes of approximately 3 g/d to an average effect of 12%.

Indexed as

Dietary SupplementsEvidence-Based MedicineFunctional FoodAdultAnticholesteremic AgentsCholesterol, LDLHumansHypercholesterolemiaPhytosterolsRandomized Controlled Trials as TopicAnticholesteremic AgentsCholesterol, LDLPhytosterols

Identifiers

PMID24780090
PMCPMC4071994

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.