ArticleProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America2014
Enhancer RNAs participate in androgen receptor-driven looping that selectively enhances gene activation.
Article in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 257 papers.
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Who cites it
257 citing papers in PubMed, 401 citations in OpenAlex.
- A Bioinformatic Framework for Enhancer RNAs Identification in Cancer Based on RNA-Seq and ChIP-Seq.Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.) · 2027Article
- Review
- Long Non-Coding RNAs: Key Regulators of Economic Traits in Livestock From Mechanisms to Breeding Applications.Veterinary medicine and science · 2026Review
- A systematic single-cell analysis of enhancer RNAs across human and mouse.Nucleic acids research · 2026Article
- Transposable element-driven expansion of enhancer RNA repertoires underlies regulatory innovation and polyploid adaptation in cereal crops.Plant communications · 2026Article
- Enhancer RNA transcription near segmentation gene enhancers can be analyzed in situ using FISH.G3 (Bethesda, Md.) · 2026Article
- Subtype-specific enhancer RNAs define transcriptional regulators and prognosis in breast cancers.Molecular oncology · 2026Article
- MiR-494-5p suppresses colorectal cancer metastasis by multi-level targeting of KAT2B, a novel mechanism disrupting KAT2B enhancer-promoter looping, and inhibiting c-JUN-driven pro-metastatic properties.Molecular cancer · 2026Article
- Molecular determinants of AR-enhancer interaction and cistrome reprogramming in prostate cancer progression.Endocrine-related cancer · 2026Review
- Direct roles of long non-coding RNAs in transcription activation.Nature structural & molecular biology · 2026Review
- Deciphering the eRNA landscape and revealing target aberrant pathways in prostate cancer.BMC cancer · 2026Article
- Deciphering the regulatory landscape of enhancer RNAs in health and disease.Signal transduction and targeted therapy · 2026Review
- Reversing enhancer RNA-mediated IKBKE gene repression enables synthetic anticancer immunity in prostate cancer models.The Journal of clinical investigation · 2026Article
- SEdb 3.0: a comprehensive super-enhancer database across multiple species.Nucleic acids research · 2026Article
- Dynamic three-dimensional chromatin remodeling in lung disease: mechanistic principles, pathogenic regulatory networks, and translational challenges.Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2026Review
- Multiple human enhancer RNAs contain long translated open reading frames.Genes & development · 2025Article
- Simultaneous Capture of Chromatin-Associated RNA and Global RNA-RNA Interactions With Reduced Input Requirements.Bio-protocol · 2025Article
- Deciphering functional landscape and clinical implications of enhancer RNAs in lung adenocarcinoma.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Enhancer regulation in cancer: from epigenetics to mArchives of pharmacal research · 2025Review
- Biological roles of enhancer RNA m6A modification and its implications in cancer.Cell communication and signaling : CCS · 2025Review
197 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
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Authors and funding
14 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
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Abstract
The androgen receptor (AR) is a key factor that regulates the behavior and fate of prostate cancer cells. The AR-regulated network is activated when AR binds enhancer elements and modulates specific enhancer-promoter looping. Kallikrein-related peptidase 3 (KLK3), which codes for prostate-specific antigen (PSA), is a well-known AR-regulated gene and its upstream enhancers produce bidirectional enhancer RNAs (eRNAs), termed KLK3e. Here, we demonstrate that KLK3e facilitates the spatial interaction of the KLK3 enhancer and the KLK2 promoter and enhances long-distance KLK2 transcriptional activation. KLK3e carries the core enhancer element derived from the androgen response element III (ARE III), which is required for the interaction of AR and Mediator 1 (Med1). Furthermore, we show that KLK3e processes RNA-dependent enhancer activity depending on the integrity of core enhancer elements. The transcription of KLK3e was detectable and its expression is significantly correlated with KLK3 (R(2) = 0.6213, P < 5 × 10(-11)) and KLK2 (R(2) = 0.5893, P < 5 × 10(-10)) in human prostate tissues. Interestingly, RNAi silencing of KLK3e resulted in a modest negative effect on prostate cancer cell proliferation. Accordingly, we report that an androgen-induced eRNA scaffolds the AR-associated protein complex that modulates chromosomal architecture and selectively enhances AR-dependent gene expression.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.