ArticleThe American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene2014
Association between moderate-to-severe diarrhea in young children in the global enteric multicenter study (GEMS) and types of handwashing materials used by caretakers in Mirzapur, Bangladesh.
Article in The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 17 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
17 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 29 citations in OpenAlex.
- Hand cleaning with ash for reducing the spread of viral and bacterial infections: a rapid review.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2020Pooled it
- Impact of water, sanitation, and hygiene indicators on enteric viral pathogens among under-5 children in low resource settings.The Science of the total environment · 2025Article
- Use of ash filtrate as an alternative to chemical disinfectant and its antimicrobial efficacy.Journal of advanced veterinary and animal research · 2024Article
- Associations between Shared Sanitation, Stunting and Diarrhoea in Low-Income, High Density Urban Neighbourhoods of Maputo, Mozambique - a Cross-Sectional Study.Maternal and child health journal · 2024Article
- Diarrhea Prevalence and Associated Factors among Children in Azezo Sub-City, Northwest Ethiopia: A Community-Based Cross-Sectional Study.The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene · 2023Article
- Quantifying the Viral Reduction Achieved Using Ash and Sand as Handwashing Agents.The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene · 2023Article
- Handwashing among caregivers of young children in a protracted and complex refugee and immigration context: a mixed methods study on the Thai-Myanmar border.Frontiers in public health · 2023Article
- Viral Pathogen-Specific Clinical and Demographic Characteristics of Children with Moderate-to-Severe Diarrhea in Rural Bangladesh.The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene · 2019Article
- Diarrheal correlates associated with enteric bacterial infections among children below five years in Murang'a County, Kenya.The Pan African medical journal · 2019Article
- Acceptability and Feasibility of Sharing a Soapy Water System for Handwashing in a Low-Income Urban Community in Dhaka, Bangladesh: A Qualitative Study.The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene · 2018Article
- Risk factors for diarrhoea and malnutrition among children under the age of 5 years in the Tigray Region of Northern Ethiopia.PloS one · 2018Article
- Behavioral antecedents for handwashing in a low-income urban setting in Bangladesh: an exploratory study.BMC public health · 2017Article
- Prevalence and determinants of acute diarrhea among children younger than five years old in Jabithennan District, Northwest Ethiopia, 2014.BMC public health · 2017Article
- Early-life enteric infections: relation between chronic systemic inflammation and poor cognition in children.Nutrition reviews · 2016Review
- Observed practices and perceived advantages of different hand cleansing agents in rural Bangladesh: ash, soil, and soap.The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene · 2015Article
- Prevalence, one week incidence and knowledge on causes of diarrhea: household survey of under-fives and adults in Mkuranga district, Tanzania.BMC public health · 2014Article
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Authors and funding
11 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Handwashing practices among caretakers of case and control children < 5 years of age enrolled in the Global Enteric Multicenter Study in Mirzapur, Bangladesh were characterized and analyzed for association with moderate-to-severe diarrhea. Soap or detergent ownership was common, yet 48% of case and 47.7% of control caretakers also kept ashes for handwashing, including 36.8% of the wealthiest households. Soap, detergent, and ash were used for multiple hygiene purposes and were kept together at handwashing areas. Caretakers preferred soap for handwashing, but frequently relied on ash, or a detergent/ash mixture, as a low-cost alternative. Moderate-to-severe diarrhea was equally likely for children of caretakers who kept soap versus those who kept ash (matched OR = 0.91; 0.62-1.32). Contact with ash and water reduced concentrations of bacterial enteropathogens, without mechanical scrubbing. Thus, washing hands with ash is a prevalent behavior in Mirzapur and may help diminish transmission of diarrheal pathogens to children.
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