ArticleBMC infectious diseases2014
The prevalence of opportunistic infections and malignancies in autopsied patients with human immunodeficiency virus infection in Japan.
Article in BMC infectious diseases, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers.
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Who cites it
14 citing papers in PubMed, 28 citations in OpenAlex.
- Article
- Quantifying Deaths from Aspergillosis in HIV Positive People.Journal of fungi (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Review
- COVID-19-associated opportunistic infections: a snapshot on the current reports.Clinical and experimental medicine · 2022Review
- Comorbidities and co-medications among 28 089 people living with HIV: A nationwide cohort study from 2009 to 2019 in Japan.HIV medicine · 2022Article
- Cytopathological analysis of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid in patients with and without HIV infection.BMC pulmonary medicine · 2022Article
- Advances in Oncology in US and Japan: Focusing on Cancer and Infectious Diseases.World journal of oncology · 2021Review
- Article
- Prevalence and Correlates of Reporting Difficulty Taking Antiretroviral Treatment Among HIV-Positive Illicit Drug Users in Vancouver, Canada: A Longitudinal Analysis.AIDS and behavior · 2019Article
- Chronic pulmonary aspergillosis commonly complicates treated pulmonary tuberculosis with residual cavitation.The European respiratory journal · 2019Article
- Changing Spectrum of Opportunistic Illnesses among HIV-Infected Taiwanese Patients in Response to a 10-Year National Anti-TB Programme.Journal of clinical medicine · 2019Article
- Observational
- Prevalence and Patterns of Multimorbidity among Human Immunodeficiency Virus Positive People in Odisha, India: An Exploratory Study.Journal of clinical and diagnostic research : JCDR · 2017Article
- Spectrum of Opportunistic Infections and Risk Factors for In-Hospital Mortality of Admitted AIDS Patients in Shanghai.Medicine · 2016Observational
- Article
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Authors and funding
20 authors at 7 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundOpportunistic infections and malignancies such as malignant lymphoma and Kaposi sarcoma are significant complications of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. However, following the introduction of antiretroviral therapy in Japan in 1997, the incidence of clinical complications has decreased. In the present study, autopsy cases of HIV infection in Japan were retrospectively investigated to reveal the prevalence of opportunistic infections and malignancies.
methodsA total of 225 autopsy cases of HIV infection identified at 4 Japanese hospitals from 1985-2012 were retrospectively reviewed. Clinical data were collected from patient medical records.
resultsMean CD4 counts of patients were 77.0 cells/μL in patients who received any antiretroviral therapy during their lives (ART (+) patients) and 39.6 cells/μL in naïve patients (ART (-) patients). Cytomegalovirus infection (142 cases, 63.1%) and pneumocystis pneumonia (66 cases, 29.3%) were the most frequent opportunistic infections, and their prevalence was significantly lower in ART (+) patients than ART (-) patients. Non-Hodgkin lymphoma and Kaposi sarcoma were observed in 30.1% and 16.2% of ART (-) patients, and 37.9% and 15.2% of ART (+) patients, respectively. Malignant lymphoma was the most frequent cause of death, followed by cytomegalovirus infection regardless of ART. Non-acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS)-defining cancers such as liver and lung cancer caused death more frequently in ART (+) patients (9.1%) than in ART (-) patients (1.5%; P = 0.026).
conclusionsThe prevalence of infectious diseases and malignancies were revealed in autopsy cases of HIV infection in Japan. The prevalence of cytomegalovirus infection and pneumocystis pneumonia at autopsy were lower in ART (+) patients than ART (-) patients. Higher prevalence of non-AIDS defining malignancies among ART (+) patients than ART (-) patients suggests that onsets of various opportunistic infections and malignancies should be carefully monitored regardless of whether the patient is receiving ART.
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