ArticleImmunology2014
Fc receptor is not required for inducing antibodies but plays a critical role in conferring protection after influenza M2 vaccination.
Article in Immunology, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 39 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
39 citing papers in PubMed, 48 citations in OpenAlex.
- Interferon-γ receptor signaling is critical for balanced immune activation and protection against influenza after vaccination.Virology · 2025Article
- Fc-FcγR interactions during infections: From neutralizing antibodies to antibody-dependent enhancement.Immunological reviews · 2024Review
- Human gut microbiota stimulate defined innate immune responses that vary from phylum to strain.Cell host & microbe · 2022Article
- Thermostable H1 hemagglutinin stem with M2e epitopes provides broad cross-protection against group1 and 2 influenza A viruses.Molecular therapy. Methods & clinical development · 2022Article
- Hemagglutinin stalk-binding antibodies enhance effectiveness of neuraminidase inhibitors against influenza via Fc-dependent effector functions.Cell reports. Medicine · 2022Article
- A chimeric thermostable M2e and H3 stalk-based universal influenza A virus vaccine.NPJ vaccines · 2022Article
- Article
- Antibody Responsiveness to Influenza: What Drives It?Viruses · 2021Review
- Article
- Requirement of Fc-Fc Gamma Receptor Interaction for Antibody-Based Protection against Emerging Virus Infections.Viruses · 2021Review
- Article
- Broad cross protection by recombinant live attenuated influenza H3N2 seasonal virus expressing conserved M2 extracellular domain in a chimeric hemagglutinin.Scientific reports · 2021Article
- Immunogenicity and Protective Potential of Mucosal Vaccine Formulations Based on Conserved Epitopes of Influenza A Viruses Fused to an Innovative Ring Nanoplatform in Mice and Chickens.Frontiers in immunology · 2021Article
- Generation and Characterization of Universal Live-Attenuated Influenza Vaccine Candidates Containing Multiple M2e Epitopes.Vaccines · 2020Article
- Review
- Construction and Immunogenicity of a Novel Multivalent Vaccine Prototype Based on Conserved Influenza Virus Antigens.Vaccines · 2020Article
- Review
- Influenza Anti-Stalk Antibodies: Development of a New Method for the Evaluation of the Immune Responses to Universal Vaccine.Vaccines · 2020Article
- M2e-based universal influenza vaccines: a historical overview and new approaches to development.Journal of biomedical science · 2019Review
- Neuraminidase expressing virus-like particle vaccine provides effective cross protection against influenza virus.Virology · 2019Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
The ectodomain of matrix protein 2 (M2e) of influenza virus is considered a rational target for a universal influenza A vaccine. To better understand M2e immune-mediated protection, Fc receptor common γ chain deficient (FcRγ(-/-) ) and wild-type mice were immunized with a tandem repeat of M2e presented on virus-like particles (M2e5x VLP). Levels of M2e-specific antibodies that were induced in FcRγ(-/-) mice after immunization with M2e5x VLP were similar to those in wild-type mice. In addition, M2e antibodies induced in FcRγ(-/-) mice were found to be equally protective as those induced in wild-type mice. However, M2e5x VLP-immunized FcRγ(-/-) mice were not well protected, as shown by severe weight loss, higher lung viral titres and interleukin-6 inflammatory cytokine production upon influenza virus challenge compared with M2e5x VLP-immunized wild-type mice. Importantly, FcRγ(-/-) mice that were immunized with inactivated influenza virus induced haemagglutination inhibition activity and were well protected without a significant weight loss. Interestingly, interferon-γ-producing CD4 T and CD8 T cells were found to be prevalent in lungs from M2e5x VLP-immunized FcRγ(-/-) mice, which appeared to be correlated with a faster recovery after infection. These results indicate that Fc receptors play a primary role in conferring M2e-specific antibody-mediated protection whereas T cells may contribute to the recovery at later stages of infection.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.