ArticleGastroenterology & hepatology2013
Environmental influences on the onset and clinical course of Crohn's disease-part 2: infections and medication use.
Article in Gastroenterology & hepatology, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
5 citing papers in PubMed, 11 citations in OpenAlex.
- Development of Time-Aggregated Machine Learning Model for Relapse Prediction in Pediatric Crohn's Disease.Clinical and translational gastroenterology · 2025Article
- Evaluation of the Risk of Inflammatory Bowel Disease after the HPV Vaccination in Primary Care in Spain: A Time-Varying Cohort Analysis of Around 390,000 Girls.Drug safety · 2021Article
- Capturing the Biologic Onset of Inflammatory Bowel Diseases: Impact on Translational and Clinical Science.Cells · 2019Review
- Inflammatory bowel diseases: time of diagnosis, environmental factors, clinical course, and management - a follow-up study in a private inflammatory bowel disease center (2003-2017).Journal of inflammation research · 2019Article
- Crohn's disease environmental factors in the developing world: A case-control study in a statewide catchment area in Brazil.World journal of gastroenterology · 2017Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The pathogenesis of Crohn's disease (CD) involves host, genetic, and environmental factors. These factors result in disturbances in the innate and adaptive immune systems and composition of the intestinal microbiota. Epidemiologic and migration studies support an environmental component in the development of CD. Environmental risk factors include childhood hygiene, air pollution, breastfeeding, smoking, diet, stress, exercise, seasonal variation, appendectomy, medications, and infections. This 2-part series provides an overview of these external contributors to the development or exacerbation of CD. Part 1, which was published in a previous issue, focused on childhood factors, perinatal influences, and lifestyle choices. Part 2, presented here, details the effects of infections, antibiotics, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, and oral contraceptives.
Indexed as
Identifiers
24772046PMC3999994W2099548410What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.