ArticleJournal of studies on alcohol and drugs2014
Willingness to drink as a function of peer offers and peer norms in early adolescence.
Article in Journal of studies on alcohol and drugs, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 54 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
54 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 81 citations in OpenAlex.
- The influence of peer behavior as a function of social and cultural closeness: A meta-analysis of normative influence on adolescent smoking initiation and continuation.Psychological bulletin · 2017Pooled it
- Randomized effectiveness trial of a parent and youth combined intervention on the substance use norms of Latino middle school students.Journal of substance abuse treatment · 2019Trial
- Longitudinal Associations Between Other-Sex Close Friends and Alcohol Use is a Between-, Not Within-, Person Process.Substance use & misuse · 2026Article
- Developmental Trajectories of Positive Expectancies of Cannabis Use Effects Among Early Adolescents: Longitudinal Observational Study Using Latent Class Growth Analysis.JMIR public health and surveillance · 2026Observational
- Ethnic Discrimination's Role on Increased Substance Susceptibility and Use Among U.S. Youth.American journal of preventive medicine · 2025Article
- Real-Time Exposure to Alcohol Content in Digital Media in Adolescents: Protocol for a Multiburst Ecological Momentary Assessment Study.JMIR research protocols · 2025Article
- The Association of Substance Use Before Sex and Condomless Sex: The Moderating Effects of Sexual Risk Behaviors, Perceived Sex Approval, and HIV/STI Risk Perception Among Youth.Youth & society · 2025Article
- Commercial Cannabidiol for Community-Based Young Adolescents: Predicting Medicinal Use.Cannabis and cannabinoid research · 2025Article
- Cross-substance Effects of Adolescent Exposure to Alcohol Content in Popular Movies on Cannabis Initiation.Cannabis (Albuquerque, N.M.) · 2024Article
- Associations Among Enacted Stigma, Perceived Chances for Success, Life Satisfaction, and Substance Use Among Sexual Minority and Heterosexual Youth.Substance use & misuse · 2023Article
- Party, Academic, or Prepped for College? School Norm Profiles and Adolescent Well-being using National Data.Journal of research on adolescence : the official journal of the Society for Research on Adolescence · 2022Article
- Examining the Moderating Role of Behavioral Willingness on Indirect Relations Between Alcohol Expectancies and Negative Consequences.Alcohol and alcoholism (Oxford, Oxfordshire) · 2022Article
- Individual-, peer-, and parent-level substance use-related factors among 9- and 10-year-olds from the ABCD Study: Prevalence rates and sociodemographic differences.Drug and alcohol dependence reports · 2022Article
- What Does it Mean to be Susceptible to Influence? A Brief Primer on Peer Conformity and Developmental Changes that Affect it.International journal of behavioral development · 2022Article
- Comprehensive measurement invariance of alcohol outcome expectancies among adolescents using regularized moderated nonlinear factor analysis.Addictive behaviors · 2022Article
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- The Altered Course of Learning: How Alcohol Outcome Expectancies Are Shaped by First Drinking Experiences.Psychological science · 2020Article
- Socio-economic differences in factors associated with alcohol use among adolescents in Slovenia: a cross-sectional study.International journal of public health · 2020Article
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Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
objectiveThe goal of this study was to explore the effect of subjective peer norms on adolescents' willingness to drink and whether this association was moderated by sensitivity to peer approval, prior alcohol use, and gender.
methodThe sample was 1,023 middle-school students (52% female; 76% White; 12% Hispanic; M(age) = 12.22 years) enrolled in a prospective study of drinking initiation and progression. Using web-based surveys, participants reported on their willingness to drink alcohol if offered by (a) a best friend or (b) a classmate, peer norms for two referent groups (close friends and classmates), history of sipping or consuming a full drink of alcohol, and sensitivity to peer approval (extreme peer orientation). Items were re-assessed at two follow-ups (administered 6 months apart).
resultsMultilevel models revealed that measures of peer norms were significantly associated with both willingness outcomes, with the greatest prediction by descriptive norms. The association between norms and willingness was magnified for girls, those with limited prior experience with alcohol, and youths with low sensitivity to peer approval.
conclusionsSocial norms appear to play a key role in substance use decisions and are relevant when considering more reactive behaviors that reflect willingness to drink under conducive circumstances. Prevention programs might target individuals with higher willingness, particularly girls who perceive others to be drinking and youths who have not yet sipped alcohol but report a higher perceived prevalence of alcohol consumption among both friends and peers.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.