ReviewBMC pregnancy and childbirth2014
Creatine supplementation during pregnancy: summary of experimental studies suggesting a treatment to improve fetal and neonatal morbidity and reduce mortality in high-risk human pregnancy.
Review in BMC pregnancy and childbirth, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 37 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
37 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 73 citations in OpenAlex.
- Creatine in Health and Disease.Nutrients · 2021Pooled it
- Creatine for women in pregnancy for neuroprotection of the fetus.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2014Pooled it
- Analysis of biomarkers and metabolic pathways in patients with unstable angina based on ultra‑high‑performance liquid chromatography‑quadrupole time‑of‑flight mass spectrometry.Molecular medicine reports · 2020Trial
- Metabolism and homeostasis of energy in trophoblast cells of the placenta: from development to disease†.Biology of reproduction · 2026Review
- Part II. Common questions and misconceptions about creatine supplementation: what does the scientific evidence really show?Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition · 2025Review
- A Multi-Ingredient Supplement Improves Body Re-Composition, Ovarian Aging Markers, and Reproductive Success in Young and Middle-Aged Female Mice.Biomolecules · 2025Article
- Effects of dietary supplementation of creatine on fetal development in gilts at d 60 and d 90 of gestation.Journal of animal science and biotechnology · 2025Article
- A short review of the most common safety concerns regarding creatine ingestion.Frontiers in nutrition · 2025Review
- Maternal Nutrition during Pregnancy and Offspring Brain Development: Insights from Neuroimaging.Nutrients · 2024Review
- Maternal Supplementation with Dietary Betaine during Late Gestation Increased Ewe Plasma Creatine and Lamb Thermoregulation under Field Conditions.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2024Article
- A Multi-Ingredient Supplement Protects against Obesity and Infertility in Western Diet-Fed Mice.Nutrients · 2023Article
- Creatine in the fetal brain: A regional investigation of acute global hypoxia and creatine supplementation in a translational fetal sheep model.Frontiers in cellular neuroscience · 2023Article
- Trichloroethylene modifies energy metabolites in the amniotic fluid of Wistar rats.Reproductive toxicology (Elmsford, N.Y.) · 2022Article
- Metabolomics in Placental Tissue from Women Living with HIV.AIDS research and human retroviruses · 2022Article
- Review
- Embryonic Hypotaurine Levels Contribute to Strain-Dependent Susceptibility in Mouse Models of Valproate-Induced Neural Tube Defects.Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2022Article
- Review
- Common questions and misconceptions about creatine supplementation: what does the scientific evidence really show?Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition · 2021Review
- Perinatal care with a view to preventing cerebral palsy.Developmental medicine and child neurology · 2021Review
- Maternal Supplementation with Dietary Betaine during Gestation to Improve Twin Lamb Survival.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
While the use of creatine in human pregnancy is yet to be fully evaluated, its long-term use in healthy adults appears to be safe, and its well documented neuroprotective properties have recently been extended by demonstrations that creatine improves cognitive function in normal and elderly people, and motor skills in sleep-deprived subjects. Creatine has many actions likely to benefit the fetus and newborn, because pregnancy is a state of heightened metabolic activity, and the placenta is a key source of free radicals of oxygen and nitrogen. The multiple benefits of supplementary creatine arise from the fact that the creatine-phosphocreatine [PCr] system has physiologically important roles that include maintenance of intracellular ATP and acid-base balance, post-ischaemic recovery of protein synthesis, cerebral vasodilation, antioxidant actions, and stabilisation of lipid membranes. In the brain, creatine not only reduces lipid peroxidation and improves cerebral perfusion, its interaction with the benzodiazepine site of the GABAA receptor is likely to counteract the effects of glutamate excitotoxicity - actions that may protect the preterm and term fetal brain from the effects of birth hypoxia. In this review we discuss the development of creatine synthesis during fetal life, the transfer of creatine from mother to fetus, and propose that creatine supplementation during pregnancy may have benefits for the fetus and neonate whenever oxidative stress or feto-placental hypoxia arise, as in cases of fetal growth restriction, premature birth, or when parturition is delayed or complicated by oxygen deprivation of the newborn.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.