Evidence map›Paper›PMID 24765243›Full record

ArticleJournal of oral microbiology2014

Bacterial profiles of saliva in relation to diet, lifestyle factors, and socioeconomic status.

Daniel Belstrøm, Palle Holmstrup, Claus H Nielsen, Nikolai Kirkby, Svante Twetman, Berit L Heitmann, Vanja Klepac-Ceraj, Bruce J Paster, Nils-Erik Fiehn

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of oral microbiology, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 94 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
94citing papers in PubMed, 3 pooled it
10.2field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

94 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 160 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. The association between self-reported vaping and the human oral microbiome: a systematic review.Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco · 2026
    Pooled it
  2. Pooled it
  3. Pooled it
  4. Characterizing the supragingival microbiome of healthy pregnant women.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2022
    Trial
  5. Review
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  14. Alteration of salivaryFrontiers in pharmacology · 2025
    Article
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  19. Review
  20. The Salivary Microbiome and Predicted Metabolite Production Are Associated with Barrett's Esophagus and High-Grade Dysplasia or Adenocarcinoma.Cancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention : a publication of the American Association for Cancer Research, cosponsored by the American Society of Preventive Oncology · 2024
    Article

34 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors at 6 institutions in 3 countries.

Daniel BelstrømSection of Periodontology, School of Dentistry, Faculty of Health Science, University of Copenhagen, Denmark.
Palle HolmstrupSection of Periodontology, School of Dentistry, Faculty of Health Science, University of Copenhagen, Denmark.
Claus H NielsenInstitute for Inflammation Research, Department of Infectious Diseases and Rheumatology, Copenhagen University Hospital Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark.
Nikolai KirkbyDepartment of Medical Microbiology, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark.
Svante TwetmanSection of Cariology, School of Dentistry, Faculty of Health Science, University of Copenhagen, Denmark.
Berit L HeitmannInstitute of Preventive Medicine, Bispebejerg and Frederiksberg Hospitals, The Capital Region, Copenhagen, Denmark ; The Boden Institute of Obesity, Nutrition, Exercise & Eating Disorders, University of Sydney, Australia ; National Institute of Public Health, University of Southern Denmark, Copenhagen, Denmark.
Vanja Klepac-CerajDepartment of Biological Sciences, Wellesley College, Wellesley, MA, USA.
Bruce J PasterDepartment of Microbiology, The Forsyth Institute, Cambridge, MA, USA ; Department of Oral Medicine, Infection & Immunity, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, MA, USA.
Nils-Erik FiehnDepartment of International Health, Immunology & Microbiology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
University of Copenhagen · DKCopenhagen University Hospital · DKHarvard University · USRigshospitalet · DKUniversity of Sydney · AUWellesley College · US

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

BACKGROUND AND

objectiveThe bacterial profile of saliva is composed of bacteria from different oral surfaces. The objective of this study was to determine whether different diet intake, lifestyle, or socioeconomic status is associated with characteristic bacterial saliva profiles.

designStimulated saliva samples from 292 participants with low levels of dental caries and periodontitis, enrolled in the Danish Health Examination Survey (DANHES), were analyzed for the presence of approximately 300 bacterial species by means of the Human Oral Microbe Identification Microarray (HOMIM). Using presence and levels (mean HOMIM-value) of bacterial probes as endpoints, the influence of diet intake, lifestyle, and socioeconomic status on the bacterial saliva profile was analyzed by Mann-Whitney tests with Benjamini-Hochberg's correction for multiple comparisons and principal component analysis.

resultsTargets for 131 different probes were identified in 292 samples, with Streptococcus and Veillonella being the most predominant genera identified. Two bacterial taxa (Streptococcus sobrinus and Eubacterium [11][G-3] brachy) were more associated with smokers than non-smokers (adjusted p-value<0.01). Stratification of the group based on extreme ends of the parameters age, gender, alcohol consumption, body mass index (BMI), and diet intake had no statistical influence on the composition of the bacterial profile of saliva. Conversely, differences in socioeconomic status were reflected by the bacterial profiles of saliva.

conclusionsThe bacterial profile of saliva seems independent of diet intake, but influenced by smoking and maybe socioeconomic status.

Indexed as

bacteriadiet lifestyleHOMIMsaliva

Identifiers

PMID24765243
PMCPMC3974179
OpenAlexW2127030662

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.